摘要
[目的]探明畜禽粪便资源对耕地土壤和环境造成的潜在污染风险,为评价和防治畜禽养殖业造成的面源污染提供科学依据。[方法]以陕西省为研究区,通过计算陕西省畜禽粪便中氮磷耕地负荷,分析了其时空变化特征。[结果](1)陕西省各市区畜禽粪便氮磷耕地负荷从2006—2007年达到最大,到2008年急剧下降为最低,之后逐年增加。2008—2010年,氮负荷平均值增加了73.0%,磷负荷增加了59.4%;2008—2010年,延安、渭南两市畜禽粪便氮磷耕地负荷虽然居于全省最后,但增长率最快。(2)对比2008年和2010年的畜禽粪便氮磷耕地负荷空间分布变化,汉中市氮磷耕地负荷最大,延安市和渭南市最小。2010年各市畜禽粪便氮负荷平均值依次为:汉中>安康>榆林>宝鸡>咸阳>商洛>铜川>西安>延安>渭南;磷耕地负荷平均值依次为:汉中>商洛>宝鸡>榆林>咸阳>西安>安康>铜川>延安>渭南。[结论]针对陕西省畜禽粪便氮磷耕地负荷的时间、空间分布变化,应加大汉中、安康、商洛、宝鸡、榆林等区域畜禽粪便的处理力度,降低畜禽粪便造成水土资源污染的风险。
[Objective] Investigating the potential pollution risks of livestock manure to soil and other environ- ment in order to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control non-point source pollution caused by breeding industry. [-Methods] Taking Shaanxi Province as an example, nitrogen and phosphorus cropland load of livestock manure were calculated and the spatial and temporal distribution features were analyzed. [Results] （1） Nitrogen and phosphorus cropland load of livestock manure in Shaanxi Province reached to the maximum in the period from 2006 to 2007, while decreased dramatically to the minimum in 2008, and then increased gradually. From 2008 to 2010, the average value of nitrogen and phosphorus cropland load increased by 73.0% and 59.4%, respectively. Although nitrogen and phosphorus cropland load of livestock manure in Yan＇an and Weinan City was the lowest among all the cities, the growth rate was the fastest. （2） According to the spatial distribution of nitrogen and phosphorus cropland load between 2008 and 2010, nitrogen and phosphorus cropland load was the maximum in Hanzhong City, while it was the minimum in Yan＇an and Weinan City. In 2010, the average value of nitrogen cropland load showed as. Hanzhong 〉An- kang〉Yulin〉Baoji〉Xianyang〉Shangluo〉Tongchuan〉Xi＇an 〉Yan＇an 〉Weinan, and the average value of phosphorus cropland load showed as. Hanzhong 〉Shangluo 〉Baoji 〉Yulin〉Xianyang 〉Xi＇ an Ankang〉Tongchuan 〉Yan＇an〉Weinan. [Conclusion] Based on a comprehensive analysis in Shaanxi Province, it suggests that livestock manures should be disposed intensively in Hanzhong, Ankang, Shangluo, Baoji and Yulin City, so that the pollution risks of soil and water resource can be decreased.
出处
《水土保持通报》
CSCD
2016年第3期235-240,共6页
Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家自然科学基金项目"耦合于生态单元的秦巴山区乡村聚落结构形态研究111学科创新引智项目"(51378067)
高等学校学科创新引智计划资助项目(B08039)
关键词
畜禽粪便
氮磷耕地负荷
时空变化
氮磷污染风险
livestock manure
nitrogen and phosphorus load of cropland
temporal and spatial distribution
pollution risk of nitrogen and phosphorus
