摘要
对证明标准的传统研究,是脱离裁判者法律适用过程的"外部视角"。从裁判者的角度而言,排除合理怀疑不仅是有关认识结果是否达标的尺度,也是指导裁判者如何形成合理的主观确信的方法,即疑点发现、排除的过程。对思维过程的法律控制通常只能诉诸事前的信息输入控制和事后的输出结果控制,无法直接作用于过程本身。能够直接影响到理性认知过程的重大力量源自于裁判者的德性,诸如同情恻隐之心、谨慎、谦卑、思维开放和勇敢等品质。从作为能动主体的裁判者的"内部视角"而言,德性既影响到对证明尺度本身的把握,也影响到思维过程疑点的发现和排除。为了保障证明标准当中的德性要求得到贯彻,有必要进一步从法官选拔和制裁机制、司法体制和程序机制等方面完善我国的有关制度。
Traditional studies on the standard of proof take outsider perspective which neglects the law application process of adjudicators. From the adjudicators' point of view, beyond reasonable doubt is not only the standard which the result of truth finding must adhere to,but also a method which guides the fact finders how to form subjective belief,i. e.,the process of doubt finding and excluding. Controlling the subjective process with law usually only can rely on the information input control beforehand and outcome output control afterwards,both of which can not influence the process directly. The important power, which could affect directly the rational cognitive process,originates from the virtue of adjudicators,such as the quality of sympathy,carefulness,humility,mind-openness and brevity. From internal perspective of taking the adjudicators as moral agent,virtues not only can influence understanding of standard itself but can influence the doubt finding and excluding in the process of deliberation. In order to guarantee the realization of the virtue requirement in standard of proof,it is necessary to further improve the system of judge's selection and sanction,judicial institution and procedure mechanism in China.
出处
《暨南学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2016年第5期110-119,132,共10页
Jinan Journal(Philosophy and Social Sciences)
基金
国家社会科学基金项目<刑事错案风险分配研究>(批准号:12BFX059)
关键词
证明标准
排除合理怀疑
内部视角
德性
standard of proof
beyond reasonable doubt
internal perspective
virtue morality
