摘要
基于制度嵌入性理论,采用质性研究方法,采取主位的研究立场,揭示正式制度与非正式制度对农村社区参与旅游发展的约束与影响。研究发现:遗产地农村社区参与旅游发展是一个制度约束下的理性行动过程,同时嵌入在多层正式制度和非正式制度中;不同农村社区在参与旅游发展过程中,由于制度嵌入的差异,导致相异的行动决策和发展结果,社区内部非正式制度嵌入的差异是主要影响因素;当社区内部非正式制度脱嵌时,外部正式制度的有效嵌入是协调遗产地与社区发展的关键因素。研究认为,制度嵌入性范式可以深入地解释不同农村社区参与旅游发展的差异性,为中国农村社区参与旅游发展的增权行动、制度设计和监督管理提供有益参考。
Community participation and resident empowerment in tourism development has long been a central tenet of sustainable tourism development, which attracts substantive attention in the tourism geography arena. In recent years, a rising number of studies on tourism geography have discussed how to raise community participation and increase the benefits for local residents through institutional empowerment, either from the ＂top down＂ policy and legislation, or from the ＂bottom up＂ informal institution within communities. However, few studies have moved beyond discussing how institutions are embedded into community residents＇ decision making and actions in an emic perspective. This paper draws on insights from the new institutionalism and the new economic sociology, as a corrective to the dominant focus in the academic literature on the decision-making of community subjects. Thus, the paper applies the theory of institutional embeddedness to indicate what and how institutions constrain or motivate community residents＇ decision-making and corresponding actions in the process of tourist destination development. Qualitative methodology and grounded theory are applied in the case studies of two typical tourism communities in the Danxia Mountain, the only World Natural Heritage Site in Guangdong province. The two communities, which are located within the scenic spot and are adjacent to each other, have manifested different modes of decisionmaking in tourism participation while sharing a similar development background in the past three decades. The result shows that the decision-making behaviors of community subjects are rational choices embedded into multilayer institutions, which, generally speaking, include formal institutions like policies and legislation made by the government departments and the concrete destination management institutions, and informal institutions such as the clan culture,community group decision rules, folk rules, perception of fair value and many other traditional views and concepts. Par
出处
《地理研究》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第6期1164-1176,共13页
Geographical Research
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41101139)
国家旅游局旅游业青年专家培养计划项目(TYEPT201444)
广东省哲学社会科学规划项目(GD15CGL14)
暨南大学管理学院重点学科建设育题基金项目(GY14013)
关键词
旅游
社区参与
制度嵌入性
丹霞山
tourism
community participation
institutional embeddedness
Danxia Mountain
