摘要
火龙果产业发展前景广阔,授粉困难仍然是目前制约产业发展的关键技术之一。现阶段仍然缺乏火龙果授粉蜂群配置的相关研究。如何配置授粉蜂群,以获得最佳的经济效益,是火龙果产业中最有价值的问题之一。研究以3年生火龙果植株为研究对象,探讨了3组不同授粉蜂群群势配置条件下,火龙果授粉坐果率、授粉成本以及授粉效益之间的相互关系。研究结果表明,利用群势最强的2群6脾蜂群,授粉成功率可达80%以上,但是授粉蜂群损耗近50%,授粉成本最高。利用群势最弱的1群2脾蜂群,授粉成功率最低,但是授粉成本也最低。利用群势相对较强的1群4脾授粉蜂群,在获得70%左右坐果率的同时,又适当地降低了授粉蜂群损耗,从而获得最高的授粉效益。采取合适的蜂群群势搭配,折中授粉成功率和授粉成本,才能达到最佳的经济效益。
Hylocereus undulatus Britt industry has a promissing prospect. However, the pollination obstacle is still one of the crucial problems. Currently, few researches are reported regarding the population size of the pollinating honey bees. How to deploy the populaion size of the pollinating honey bees and achieve the biggest economic profit is becoming one of the most valubale research subjects. This work focused on the 3 years Hylocereus unduTatus Britt plants and discused 3 sets of different population size of the pollinator Apis cernana cernana, in order to illustrate the relationships of fruit setting rate, pollination costs and pollination profits. The results showed that with 2 Dopulations and 6 frames of honey bees, the successful pollination rate could achieve 80%. Howerver, the honey bees suffered 50% population loss. Thus, the pollination cost was the highest. When 1 population loading 2 frames of honey bees were deployed, the lowest successful pollination rate was detected. However, the pollination costed the lest. When 1 polulation loading 4 frames of honey bees were aplied, 80% succsessful pollination rate was realized. Meanwhile, the population loss was reduced relatively. Thus, the highest pollination profit was achieved. If proper pupulation density of the pollination honey bees was introduced, the successful pollination rate and the pollination cost would be neutralized, and the best economic profit would be realized. This work would proved important data reference and theoretical support for the honey bee pollination for Hylocereus undulatus Britt industry.
出处
《蜜蜂杂志》
2016年第7期1-4,共4页
Journal of Bee
基金
国家自科基金项目2011(71263012)
黔科合LH字2014(7684号)
关键词
中华蜜蜂
红皮红肉火龙果
授粉
群势搭配
Apis cernana cernana
Hylocereus undulatusBritt
pollination
population size
