摘要
为了研究餐厨垃圾两相厌氧发酵工艺的恶臭排放特征,以餐厨垃圾为发酵底物进行了中试规模的两相连续式厌氧发酵试验,对主要工艺单元,如餐厨垃圾堆放点和破碎点、酸化出料、产甲烷出料及产甲烷反应器排气口的臭气进行采集,采用三点比较式臭袋法分析臭气浓度,采用冷阱富集-GC/MS技术分析恶臭物质组成和质量浓度。结果表明:5个单元的恶臭污染都较严重,其中酸化出料、产甲烷出料和产甲烷反应器排气口的臭气浓度都达到了104级;5个单元共检出含氧类、芳香烃、硫化物、萜烯类和卤代烃5类29种物质,各单元总检出质量浓度分别为0.751 mg/m3、1.274 mg/m3、5.540 mg/m3、22.011mg/m3和38.548 mg/m3,其中硫化氢、柠檬烯、乙醛、丙醛和二氯甲烷的检出质量浓度较高;结合各组分的阈稀释倍数筛选出该工艺的主要致臭物质为硫化氢、乙硫醇、乙硫醚、甲硫醇、乙醛和丁醛;通过对各组分的健康风险分析,初步识别出该工艺健康风险较大的物质为硫化氢和丁醛,释放风险最大的单元为产甲烷反应器排气口。
The present paper is inclined to introduce a series of continuous pilot-scale two-phase anaerobic fermentation experiments we have conducted in hoping to make an exploration of the odor emission features of the said two-phase fermentation of kitchen waste.In our experiments,we have collected the sample odorous gases from different processing units,such as the food waste stacking and broken places,acidification discharge,methanogenic discharge and the ventilation of the methanogenic reactor,respectively,by using the BOPET sampling bags,with the odor concentration being analyzed via a triangle odor bag method.And,then,we have determined the composition and content of the malodorous substances by using a cold trap enrichment-GC/MS method.The results of the analysis of the above said experimental results indicate that the odor concentrations of the aforementioned five process units can be of high grade,in which it has been made possible to discharge the acidification,the methanogenic products and the vent of methanogenic reactor so as to be able to detect above 104.29 kinds of chemicals in the above five units,including the oxygenated compounds,the aromatic hydrocarbons,sulfides,terpenes and haloalkane,with the total concentrations of malodorous substances being 0.751 mg/m3,1.274 mg/m3,5.540 mg/m3,22.011 mg/m3 and 38.548 mg/m3,respectively.In addition,the concentrations of hydrogen sulfide,limonene,acetaldehyde,propionaldehyde and dichloromethane tend to be higher than the other compounds,whereas the concentrations of acidification discharge,methanogenic discharge and the vent of methanogenic reactor prove to be obviously higher than in the other two units.In accordance with the difference of the mass concentrations of each compound,the main pollutants in each unit can be determined by the following methods and materials：（1） in accordance with the food waste stacking places：hydrogen sulfide,acetaldehyde and propionaldehyde;（2） in accordance with food waste broken places：acetaldehyde,limonene and hydroge
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第3期252-256,共5页
Journal of Safety and Environment
基金
国家环保公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201209022)
关键词
环境工程学
餐厨垃圾
两相厌氧发酵
恶臭污染
致臭物质
environmental engineering
kitchen waste
twophase anaerobic fermentation
odor pollution
odorants
