摘要
大部分与高原医学相关的文献都致力于揭示短期接触高原对人体的影响。然而,长期生活在高原的人群可能与人类疾病的发生更有关联,因为有超过4亿人居住在海拔1 500m以上地区,有趣的是,高原地区人群和海平面附近人群相比有着更低的空腹血糖和更好的葡萄糖耐受性。研究表明,高原地区肥胖和糖尿病发病率更低。但高原地区人群血糖控制的机制仍不清楚。目前我们所掌握的海拔1 500m以上地区人群关于葡萄糖稳态维持的最新证据表明,生活在这个地区的人群有着更低的空腹血糖,并且肥胖和糖尿病发病率更低。高原地区人群空腹血糖的调节和维护,对葡萄糖稳态维持有了新的认识。
Most of the literature related to high altitude medicine is devoted to the short-term effects of high-altitude exposure on human physiology.However,long-term effects of living at high altitudes may be more important in relation to human disease because more than400 million people worldwide reside above 1 500 m.Interestingly,individuals living at higher altitudes have a lower fasting glycemia and better glucose tolerance compared with those who live near sea level.There is also emerging evidence of the lower prevalence of both obesity and diabetes at higher altitudes.The mechanisms underlying improved glucose control at higher altitudes remain unclear.In this review,wepresent the most current evidence about glucose homeostasis in residents living above 1 500 m and discuss possible mechanisms that could explain the lower fasting glycemia and lower prevalence of obesity and diabetes in this population.Understanding the mechanisms that regulate and maintain the lower fasting glycemia in individuals who live at higher altitudes could lead to new therapeutics for impaired glucose homeostasis.
出处
《国外医学（医学地理分册）》
CAS
2016年第2期186-194,共9页
Foreign Medical Sciences：Section of Medgeography
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(No:31260252
31460286)
西藏自治区重大课题资助项目(Z2014A09G2-3)
关键词
高原
长期暴露
短期暴露
葡萄糖稳态
high altitudes
prolonged exposure
short-term exposure
glucose homeostasis
