摘要
孔子与颜回的对话占据《人间世》的主要篇幅,是理解《人间世》的关键,而《人间世》对理解《庄子》内七篇具有重要意义。对话起因是颜回想要到卫国从政以解救在暴君统治下的卫国民众,但孔子对此并不赞同。孔子对颜回的施教,要点在于让他明白,从政治国不能求得"至人"之道,如果想要做"至人",就得放弃政治理想学会"心斋"。而一个心斋无己、全生无用的至人,也不可能再有从政治国之心。孔子对颜回的教诲从从政会惹杀身之祸到追求理想政治也会残害众生,层层递进,揭示了人世间即便圣王的政治也有害的道理何在,从而论证了求"道"只能虚己游世。但是,孔子这番教诲是对颜回这种心性极高之人的施教,而非一种普遍性的、针对所有人的教诲。
The interlocution between Confucius and Yanhui,which occupies the main content of Zhuangzi﹒ the Man in the World,is the key to understand the book,and the understanding to Zhuangzi﹒the man in the world signifies for understanding the Seven Chapters in Zhuangzi. At the beginning of this interlocution,Yan wanted to go to Weiguo to rescue the people who were in the tyranny of a young ruler,but Confucius did not agree with him. The main points of Confucian＇s words is to make Yanhui understand that he could not pursue Dao through political life. If Yanhui intended to be a perfect man,he must give up his political ideal and learn from the fasting of mind. A perfect man with the fasting of mind would wash out his political enthusiasm. Confucian＇s words for Yanhui included two aspects. Firstly,political life would harm him. Secondly, politi cal ideal would be destructive to ordinary people. But Con fucius＇ s education is only aimed at Yanhui but not aimed at everyone.
出处
《湖南师范大学教育科学学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2016年第3期51-56,共6页
Journal of Educational Science of Hunan Normal University
关键词
《人间世》
名实
心斋
至人之道
从政
the man in the world
fame and substance
the fasting of mind
the Dao of perfect man
political life
