摘要
在群体水培条件下,以国内外不同年代育成的94个常规粳稻代表品种为供试材料,测定抽穗期、成熟期各器官干物重、产量及构成因素、根系等性状,采用组内最小平方和的动态聚类方法将供试品种按产量水平从低到高依次分为A、B、C、D、E、F 6类,分析影响粳稻品种产量水平的主要根系性状。结果表明：1不同产量类型粳稻品种间平均产量差异极大,供试品种中最高产品种为最低产品种4.23（2008年）-3.91倍（2009年）;2产量构成因素对产量贡献的顺序由大到小依次为每穗粒数、结实率、单位面积穗数、千粒重,年度间表现一致;3高产品种具有单株根系性状大或较大,最长根长较长、成熟期冠根比大的特征;4单株不定根数对单位面积穗数,最长根长、单株根干重、冠根比、单株总/活跃吸收面积对每穗粒数有明显的促进作用,单株根活力对结实率的提高亦有一定的促进效果;5影响粳稻品种产量水平的主要根系性状是单株根干重、成熟期冠根比、单株活跃吸收面积、单株根系α-萘胺根系氧化力、最长根长。
A total of 94 conventional Japonicarice varieties were solution-cultured in 2008 and 2009,respectively.The dry matter weight at heading and maturity stages,grain yield and yield components and root traits were measured.Based on grain yield by MinSSw method,these rice varieties were clustered into 6types in the alignment from low to high（A,B,C,D,E,and F）for analyzing the effect of root traits on the grain yield and yield components in Japonicarice varieties.This study was carried out to investigate the changing trends and differences of main root traits in Japonicarice varieties with different grain yield.Results showed that great differences in the average grain yield were observed among different Japonicarice varieties.The ratio of maximum grain yield to minimum grain yield was 4.23 in 2008and 3.91in2009.The order of contribution ratio of each yield component to grain yield was spikelets numbers per panicle,filled grain percentage,panicle numbers per unit area,1000-filled grain yield.Rice varieties with high grain yield had higher or comparatively higher root traits per hill,higher maximum root length and larger shoot-root ratio at maturity than the varieties with low grain yield.With increasing of adventitious roots numbers,the panicle numbers per unit area significantly increased.The length of maximum root length,root dry weight per plant,shoot-root ratio,total/active root absorption area per plant were beneficial to increasing spikelet numbers per panicle.Root activity per hill was also beneficial to increasing filled grain percentage.The main root traits influencing grain yield were root dry weight per hill,shoot-root ratio at maturity stage,root active absorption area per hill,α-NA oxidizing power per hill and maximum root length.
出处
《扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》
CAS
北大核心
2016年第1期51-57,共7页
Journal of Yangzhou University：Agricultural and Life Science Edition
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(30971728)
江苏省高校自然科学重大基础研究项目(09KJA210001)
江苏省高校优势学科建设工程项目(2012-04-30)
关键词
粳型水稻
品种
产量
根系形态
根系活性
Japonicarice
varieties
grain yield
root morphology
root activity
