摘要
利用生命周期评价(life cycle assessment,LCA)方法分析燃煤烟气污染物深度处理下的超超临界(ultra-super critical,USC)典型发电厂系统不同生产子过程的环境影响。建立清单时,将污染物排放追溯到直接排放的子过程中,而输入负数表示各烟气处理单元污染物的去除。分别应用Eco-indicator 99和IPCC GWP 100a方法评价系统的环境综合影响和气候变化影响。结果表明,电厂对环境影响最大的为气候变化,温室气体(greenhouse gas,GHG)排放因子为0.786 kg CO_2-eq×(kWh)^(-1),其中99.9%来自燃煤的直接排放。烟气处理单元的脱硝装置、除尘装置和脱硫装置分别减少电厂对环境3.5%、83.0%和6.5%的综合损害作用,但对气候变化仅有少量的损害影响。敏感性分析表明厂用电和煤耗与评价结果基本呈正比关系,且两者敏感性相当。烟气处理单元对LCA结果呈现负相关的影响,一般处理下的3个烟气处理单元分别高出深度处理效率下的烟气处理单元19.5%、3.7%和7.1%的环境影响。案例电厂不仅在环境方面具有竞争性,而且在经济成本方面也具有一定优势。
A typical case of an ultra-super critical（USC） power plant with flue gas advanced treatments was studied by a life cycle assessment（LCA） method to analyze its environmental impact. Emission data were traced back to where the flue gas was directly released when setting up LCA inventory, and the input data of removed waste gas were set as negative. Eco-indicator 99 and IPCC GWP 100 a were chosen to evaluate the environmental impact and greenhouse gas（GHG） emission. The results show that climate change is the dominant factor with the life cycle GHG emission factor of 0.786 kg CO2-eq×（kWh）^-1. 99.9% of the damage on climate change comes from direct CO2 emission in the burning unit. Denitration, dedusting and desulfurization devices can reduce environmental impact by 3.5%, 83.0% and 6.5%, respectively, and they have little damage on climate change. Sensitive analysis results indicate that auxiliary power and coal consumption are proportional to environmental impact with equivalent sensitivity. The removal efficiency has negative correlation to LCA results in flue gas treatment units. In addition, comparing to the advanced flue gas treatment technologies, the three general treatment units have higher environmental damage of 19.5%, 3.7% and 7.1%, respectively. This power plant shows competitiveness in both environmental and economic aspects.
出处
《高校化学工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第3期700-708,共9页
Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities
基金
国家自然科学基金(21476203)
关键词
燃煤电厂
生命周期评价
烟气
深度处理
温室气体
coal-fired power plant
life cycle assessment
flue gas
advanced treatment
greenhouse gas
