摘要
This study focuses on drawing a hydrothermal synthesis process map for Co3O4 nanoparticles with various morphologies and investigating the effects of Co3O4 nanocatalyst morphology on CO oxidation.A series of cobalt-hydroxide-carbonate nanoparticles with various morphologies（i.e.,nanorods,nanosheets,and nanocubes） were successfully synthesized,and Co3O4 nanoparticles were obtained by thermal decomposition of the cobalt-hydroxide-carbonate precursors.The results suggest that the cobalt source is a key factor for controlling the morphology of cobalt-hydroxide-carbonate at relatively low hydrothermal temperatures（≤ 140℃）.Nanorods can be synthesized in CoCl2 solution,while Co（NO3）2 solution promotes the formation of nanosheets.Further increasing the synthesis temperature（higher than 140 ℃） results in the formation of nanocubes in either Co（NO3）2 or CoCl2 solution.The reaction time only affects the size of the obtained nanoparticles.The presence of CTAB could improve the uniformity and dispersion of particles.Co3O4 nanosheets showed much higher catalytic activity for CO oxidation than nanorods and nanocubes because it has more abundant Co^（3＋） on the surface,much higher reducibility,and better oxygen desorption capacity.
通过催化剂将CO转化为无毒气体仍然是目前减少CO污染的主要手段.随着纳米技术的快速发展,纳米催化剂因其在催化反应中呈现出的独特结构效应(如形貌效应、尺寸效应等)而受到人们的广泛关注.已有大量研究表明,纳米Co_3O_4作为一种非贵金属氧化物催化剂具有强烈的催化形貌效应,展现出优异的CO低温催化活性.因此,通过合理的设计来调控催化剂粒子的形貌,从而进一步改善催化剂的性能已成为近年来催化剂领域的重要研究方向.对于Co_3O_4纳米催化剂的可控制备,水热法具有反应温和、操作简便和产品形貌易控等特点.早期的研究主要围绕于Co_3O_4形貌的可控合成以及不同形貌Co_3O_4催化剂对其催化活性产生的影响,较少有对其形貌形成机制的报道.特别是在水热反应中,系统研究各反应参数对催化剂各异形貌的形成影响鲜有报道.本文在前人的研究基础上,重点研究了水热反应过程中各主要反应参数对产品形貌控制的影响,绘制了一副不同形貌Co_3O_4材料的合成过程图,并研究了Co_3O_4纳米催化剂催化CO氧化的形貌效应.通过水热法先成功合成了三种不同形貌(纳米棒、纳米片和纳米立方)的碱式碳酸钴纳米粒子,然后将其焙烧得到了Co_3O_4纳米粒子.采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM),透射电子显微镜(TEM),X射线粉末衍射仪(XRD),程序升温还原(H_2-TPR和CO-TPR),氮气吸附-脱附比表面积测试(BET),氧气程序升温脱附(O2-TPD),X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等表征手段研究了不同反应参数对纳米碱式碳酸钴前驱体形貌形成的作用和各异形貌Co_3O_4纳米粒子在催化CO氧化反应中催化性能的差异及原因.结果表明,Co_3O_4较好地继承了碱式碳酸钴的形貌,在较低温度条件下(≤140°C),钴源(CoCl_2或Co(NO3)2)是影响前驱体形貌的关键因素,反应时间只对粒子的尺寸产生较大影响.低温下,CoCl_2作为钴源易诱导生产纳�
基金
supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51374004,51204083)
the Candidate Talents Training Fund of Yun-nan Province (2012HB009,2014HB006)
the Applied Basic Research Program of Yunnan Province (2014FB123)
a School-Enterprise Cooperation Project from Jinchuan Corporation (Jinchuan 201115)
the Talents Training Program of Kunming University of Science and Technology (KKZ3201352038)~~
