摘要
目的探讨大学生支气管哮喘（哮喘）患者实施健康教育干预后对哮喘控制水平的影响。方法 2014年9月—2015年6月从湖北大学选取82例大学生哮喘患者,对其实施规范的健康教育,并在干预前后对所有患者进行问卷调查,了解其对哮喘的认知水平、长期药物治疗情况、规律随访、哮喘日记、过去10个月内的哮喘急性发作次数、哮喘控制测试（asthma control test,ACT）评分、呼气流量峰值（peak expiratory flow,PEF）。两组间计量资料比较采用独立样本t检验,组内比较采用配对t检验;配对计数资料比较采用配对χ^2检验,P〈0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果通过实施10个月的哮喘健康教育,干预后患者对哮喘相关知识的认知水平较干预前有明显改善,差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0.05）。干预后患者长期规律使用吸入激素、按需使用短效β2受体激动剂（short-actingβ2agonists,SABA）、长期使用白三烯调节剂、长期使用缓释茶碱、哮喘急性发作期使用抗生素、使用成分不明的平喘药、规律随访、非急性发作期坚持药物治疗、记录哮喘日记情况均比干预前有所改善,差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0.05）。干预后患者的PEF、ACT评分[（450.25±38.20）L/min、（22.85±2.21）分]均高于干预前[（308.62±65.24）L/min、（16.11±5.40）分],差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0.05）;干预后患者过去10个月内的哮喘急性发作次数[（1.05±0.78）次]明显少于干预前[（2.98±1.42）次],差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。干预前患者完全控制率为6.10%（5/82）;干预后为29.17%（21/72）,干预前后患者哮喘完全控制率比较,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=14.54,P〈0.05）。结论对大学生哮喘患者实施健康教育,可提高患者对哮喘的认知水平和自我管理能力,促进患者坚持规范化的药物治疗,减少哮喘急性发作次数,改善肺功能,提高哮喘控制水平。
Objective To explore the influence of health education intervention on asthma control level for undergraduate asthma patients.Methods 82 undergraduate asthma patients from Hubei university were selected to get health education intervention from September 2014 to June 2015.They were surveyed with questionnaire about their perception of asthma,long-term utility of medication,regular follow-up,asthma diary,the times of acute onset in the past 10 months,asthma control test（ACT） score and peak expiratory flow（PEF） before and after the health education intervention respectively.And the measurement data were compared with independent sample t test in two groups and paired sample t test in the group,paired count data was compared with paired chi square test,P0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results The results showed that the asthma perception of the patients was greatly improved,standardized treatment,regular follow-up,and asthma diary writing were improved after 10-month health education intervention,the differences were statistically significant（all P0.05）.The situation of inhaled corticosteroid was used long time regularly,short-acting β2agonists（SABA） was used as needed,leukotriene modifiers and theophylline sustained-release tablets were used long time,antibiotic was used in acute attack of asthma,unknown antiasthmatic of composition was used,follow-up regularly,adhere to drug therapy in non-acute episode phase,asthma diary was recorded after intervention were better than before intervention,the differences were statistically significant（all P0.05）.The PEF indicators and ACT scores [（450.25 ±38.20）L/min,（22.85±2.21） score] were significant higher than before[（308.62±65.24）L/min,（16.11±5.40）score].While the times of acute onset over the past 10 months reduced greatly [（1.05±0.78） vs（2.98±1.42）]（P0.05）.6.10% of complete control rate before intervention was significant lower than after intervention（29.17%）（χ~2=14.54,P0.05）.Conclusion The stan
出处
《社区医学杂志》
2016年第9期13-16,共4页
Journal Of Community Medicine
关键词
哮喘
健康教育干预
大学生
控制水平
Asthma
Health education intervention
Undergraduate
Control level
