摘要
降雨作为一种常见的气象条件,对城市路网的交通状态有着直接的影响。为避免不同道路交通状态速度评价标准的不统一,基于道路的最高限速,提出了速度性能指标,进而建立了衡量路段和路网拥堵状态的路段和路网拥堵指标,量化了路段和路网的拥堵程度。以大量数据为基础,在对比雨天和晴天2种环境下的各项拥堵指标基础上,探讨了雨天环境对北京快速路网的宏观影响,为雨天条件下的交通规划与管理提供了重要的依据。同时,基于路段拥堵指数,利用ArcGIS软件可视化展示了北京快速路拥堵路段的空间分布。结果表明,与晴天相比,雨天环境降低了车辆速度,增加了路段偶发性拥堵,也加剧了路网的拥堵程度。同时,雨天环境下的工作日平均每小时路网拥堵指数增加了17.2%,周末则增加了28.6%;而其标准差分别增加了22.2%和62.5%,表明雨天环境下工作日和周末的拥堵特性存在一定的差异性。
As a common environmental factor,rainfall directly affects traffic state of urban road networks.Considering the inconsistency of evaluation criteria of speed under different traffic conditions,the ＂ speed performance index＂ based on speed limit is proposed.This index can quantitatively measure the congestion of urban road segments and networks based on a large number of data.The macroscopic effects of rainfall on expressway networks of Beijing is explored by comparing the congestion indices of rainy and sunny days,which provides important evidences for transportation planning and management on rainy days.Meanwhile,based on the road segment indices,the spatial distribution of congested road segments of Beijing expressways is visually presented using ArcGIS software.The results show that the rain slows down the vehicles,and aggravates the accidental congestion of road segments.In addition,the rain increases the average network congestion per hour by 17.2% on weekdays,and by 28.6% on weekends,and their standard deviation also increases by 22.2% and 62.5% respectively.The above results indicate that the rainfall has different impacts onto the expressway networks over weekdays and weekends.
出处
《交通信息与安全》
2016年第2期88-93,共6页
Journal of Transport Information and Safety
基金
国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2015AA124103)资助
关键词
城市道路交通
路网影响
雨天环境
速度性能
拥堵指标
urban road traffic
road network
rainy days
speed performance
congestion indices
