摘要
目的多维度研究注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)及各亚型儿童的认知水平和智力发育的均衡性,为临床治疗提供理论依据。方法确诊为ADHD的儿童124例作为实验组,其中注意缺陷型(ADHD-I)57例、多动一冲动型(ADHD-H)23例、混合型(ADHD-C)44例;同时期年龄、性别相匹配的120例正常儿童作为对照组。用韦氏儿童智力测试方法分别对ADHD儿童和正常儿童进行评估,对各个维度和分测项目的评估结果进行综合分析。结果 ADHD儿童智力发育低于正常儿童(P<0.05),以言语智商更为明显,ADHD儿童智力结构存在明显不均衡。ADHD-H型智力水平高于ADHD-I型和ADHD-C型(P<0.05),三型间均衡性差异无统计学意义。不同性别ADHD儿童的智力水平译码女孩高于男孩(P<0.05),其余方面差异均无统计学意义。结论 ADHD儿童的智力发育低于正常儿童,与语言相关的A因子和与注意力、记忆相关的C因子均降低。ADHD儿童存在多维度的智力发育不均衡,3种亚型ADHD儿童的智力受损最轻的是ADHD-H。ADHD女孩译码高于男孩。
Objective To multidimensionally study the cognitive level and the balance of mental development in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder （ADHD） and its subtype of children, to provide a theoretical basis for clinical treatment. Methods 124 cases of diagnosed ADHD children, among which ADHD-I （attention deficient, n=57）, ADHD-H（hyperactivity/ impulsivity, n=23） and ADHD-C （mixed type, n=44） from outpatients in children health center of First Hospital of Lanzhou University were taken as research subjects, meanwhile, 120 normal children were chosen as the control group with matched gender and age. ADHD and normal children were evaluated by C-WISC to comprehensively analyze the results on various dimensions and sub-test items. Results The intelligence quotient of children with ADHD were significantly lower than those of control group, especially VIQ （P 〈 0.05）. There are obvious imbalances of intelligence structure in ADHD children. Children with ADHD-H had significantly higher scores than ADHD-I and ADHD-C （P 〈 0.05）, but three types of ADHD were not significantly different in terms of balance. Different gender of ADHD children were no significant difference in FIQ, sub-test items and terms of balance except in the coding, girls better than boys. Conclusion Children with ADHD have lower intelligence development than that of normal children, factor A related language and factor C related attention and memory was decreased.There are multiple dimensions imbalances of intelligence lightest impairment of intellectual development in three than that in boys with ADHD. development in ADHD children. ADHD-H had the subtypes of ADHD. The coding in girls is higher
出处
《兰州大学学报（医学版）》
CAS
2016年第2期45-49,共5页
Journal of Lanzhou University（Medical Sciences）
基金
兰州大学第一医院基金项目(1dyyyn2013-03)
关键词
注意缺陷多动障碍
儿童
智力
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
children
intelligence
