摘要
随着风能、太阳能等可再生能源的不断发展,储能作为影响其发展的关键技术越来越受到人们的关注。在储能领域,锂离子电池以高能量密度、长循环寿命、高电压等诸多优点在电子领域已得到广泛的应用,并成为未来电动汽车动力电池的最佳选择。但因锂资源储量有限、分布不均匀,而且原材料成本比较高,所以锂离子电池在电网大规模储能方面的应用遇到了瓶颈。与锂相比,钠不但具有与锂相似的物理化学性质,更具有资源丰富、分布广泛、原料成本低廉等优势。近些年室温钠离子电池再次引起了人们的研究兴趣,特别是在电网储能方面表现出极大的应用潜力。虽然目前已报道了多种钠离子电池电极材料,但大都离实用化以及进一步产业化尚有一定的距离。本文重点介绍一些性能较为突出的室温钠离子电池电极材料,并指出要实现钠离子电池的产业化,需要开发空气中稳定、高安全、高容量、高倍率、循环稳定、低成本的新型正、负极材料。
With the rapid development of renewable energy of wind and solar power, the large-scale energy storage system has become more and more important. Lithium-ion batteries have been widely used in portable electronic devices, and are the best choice for the electric vehicles due to their high energy density, long cycle life, high voltage. However, the limited, non-uniform distribution of lithium resources and the high cost would hinder the applications in the field of grid-scale energy storage. Sodium has similar physical and chemical properties with lithium, while sodium resources distribute everywhere around the world. In recent years, room temperature sodium ion battery has attracted widespread attention, particularly for the grid energy storage. Although a large number of sodium-ion battery electrode materials were reported, most of them are still not suitable for practical application. In this review, we will introduce some electrode materials for sodium-ion batteries and point out that in order to realize the commercialization of sodium-ion batteries, we need to explore new cathode and anode materials with high stability in air, high safety, high capacity, high rate capability, superior cycling stability and low cost.
出处
《储能科学与技术》
CAS
2016年第3期268-284,共17页
Energy Storage Science and Technology
关键词
钠离子电池
正极材料
负极材料
电网
规模储能
sodium-ion batteries
cathode materials
anode materials
grid
energy storage
