摘要
"为佛采花"是买地券文中常见的一类文辞,最早出现于南北朝前后,主要流行于两宋时期,出土材料以今南方地区较为集中。前人的研究将其误解为"入山采花礼佛"这一具体的宗教实践活动,本文联系有关考古资料和文献典籍对买地券文中的"为佛采花"文辞进行释读,认为"为佛采花"所欲表达的含义是佛教文化对人死亡的一种讳称,这种讳称形式在早期的出现应当借鉴了道教方面撰写买地券文时将券主死亡讳称为"醉酒命终"的做法。"为佛采花"买地券是佛教徒丧葬仪式活动的遗存,在一定程度上反映了券主的宗教信仰倾向。两宋时期的买地券一度出现了将"采花"和"醉酒"文辞杂糅共用于同一券文的特殊现象,这显然是佛道两教之间文化交流互动的结果,其背后隐含的是两宋时期儒释道"三教合流"的历史趋势。
The expression ＂为佛采花＂; which is common in land deeds, was first in use during the Southern and Northern Dynasties and became popular by the Song dynasty. A lot of such land deeds have been unearthed in south China. In previous researches, this expression is interpreted as ＂to pick flowers to worship the Buddha＂ , which is incorrectly regarded as a religious practice. This paper is a new study about this expression. It is argued that the four- character expression is a Buddhist euphemism for death and such euphemism derived from the early Daoist practice of referring to death as ＂醉酒命终＂ [Daoism euphemism for death] in land deeds. Land deeds with ＂为佛采花＂ as heritage of earlier Buddhist funeral ceremonies, reflect to a certain extent the owner＇s religious belief. In addition, it is found that the two expressions were used together in the same land deed in the Song dynasty. This was the result of exchange between Buddhism and Daoism and within historical context of convergence of Confucianism, Buddhism and Daoism during the Song.
出处
《中国国家博物馆馆刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2016年第4期87-97,共11页
Journal of National Museum of China
关键词
买地券
为佛采花
佛教葬仪
三教合流
Land deed
＂为佛采花＂
Buddhist funeral
convergence of Confucianism, Buddhismand Daoism
