摘要
城镇化中的人性需求决定了农村低龄老人与高龄老人的养老需求层次性差异。低龄老人因仍具有劳动能力,子女进城后,他们可以自己满足生理需求、安全需求和感情需求,也可以从继续生产、抚养孙辈等劳动中满足尊重需求与自我实现需求。高龄老人没有劳动能力,不能创造价值,尊重需求与自我实现需求不再重要,生理需求、安全需求和感情需求等低级需求成为其优势需求。子女进城后因空间上的疏离与物质上的贫乏而无法在家庭内部实现对高龄老人的反馈式养老。因此,高龄老人的低级需求无法得到满足的问题成为当下城镇化进程中农村社会养老的最为重要最需要解决的问题。只有政府、市场、社会与家庭等多主体联动,才能有效解决这一问题。
Human needs in the process of urbanization has determined the level difference of pension de- mand between the rural junior elderly and the senior elderly. The former still have the ability to work, can meet their own physiological, security and emotional needs, and also the needs of respect and self-actualization by means of continuing to do physical work and raise their grandchildren after their offsprings have become migrant workers or lived in towns or cities. Nevertheless, the senior eld- erly do not have the ability to work, and can not create any values, the respect needs and self-actuali- zation needs are no longer important for them, but the lower needs such as physiological needs, secur- ity needs and emotional needs, etc. have become their priority needs. But due to space alienation and poor material, feedback pension for the senior elderly within the family can not be provided. There- fore, the problem that the lower demand of the senior elderly cannot be satisfied has become the one that is the most important and pressing to be solved for the rural social pension in the process of the urbanization. Only when the government, the market, the society and the family work together can this problem be effectively solved.
出处
《湖北工程学院学报》
2016年第2期122-128,共7页
Journal of Hubei Engineering University
基金
国家社会科学基金一般项目(14BZX080)
湖北省教育厅人文社会科学研究青年项目(15Q203)
湖北省教育厅哲学社会科学研究重大项目(13ZD032)
中华孝文化研究中心开放项目(2014K08)
关键词
城镇化
人性需求
低龄老人
高龄老人
农村养老问题
urbanization
human needs
the junior elderly
the senior elderly
the problem of rural so- cial pension
