摘要
实物和文献是古代工艺美术史研究的基本资料,历史上遗存下来的实物总有缺失,从而造成研究的诸多困难,(不光是时间的问题)这在易腐难存的织绣上体现得尤为明显,以文献补充实物不足则是进行该研究行之有效的弥补方法。地方志是不可缺少的一类文献,其中包含的织绣史料简要而确凿,是对彼时造作的真切呈现。在资源丰富的地方志中寻找资源、充实论据,这对工艺美术史的学术发展无疑起到积极的推动作用。然而,目前艺术史领域对地方志的作用与价值还未能有足够深刻的认识,地方志中有重要价值的信息并未被充分发掘,造成莫大的遗憾。地方志对手工业造作的正面记录并不算多,但在地域物产、风俗民情、税课贡赋等内容中时常包含相关的信息。经过梳理和比对,这些信息便能够串连出手工业发展的线索,为工艺美术史的研究提供有价值的资料。手工艺史料主要分布在明清各类地方志的物产、风俗、贡赋等卷中,其中,关于织绣物的则直接或间接记录了其色彩、图案、材质、工艺,是研究明清民间织绣的原始资料。地方志中的手工艺史料有清晰的地域和时间信息,依照时间顺序纵向对比,可以总结出其审美风气之变迁;依照地域线索横向对比,则可归纳出其生产分布之格局,具有其他类史料难以比拟的优势。由于地方志编纂水平并不整齐,史料价值高下悬殊,利用地方志须有甄别和选择。
Material and literature are basic information for researching the history of ancient arts and crafts. Since historical material objects tend to be missing, it＇s hard to establish a complete time sequence, which is particularly evident in perishable embroideries which are difficult to preserve. Therefore, it＇s an effective reme- dy to supplement material objects with literature. Local ehorographyisan indispensable source of literature, a- mong which historical data about embroidery are brief and reliable, and the achievement of the times are real- istically presented. By seeking resources and eonsolidatingarguments from the rich ehorography, development of the studies of history of arts and craft can be advanced. Also, learning from history and understanding mul- tiple local cultures have tremendous implications for the protection of Chinese intangible cultural heritages. However, current art history scholars haven＇t had sufficient deep understandings of the roles and values of the local ehorography. Some valuable information is still waiting to be exploited. What a great shame. So, by tak- ing the Ming embroidery techniques as an example, this paper systematically summarizes and sorts out related historical materials in chorography in the Ming andQing dynasties. By taking all prefecture and county ehorog- raphy from the Hongwu Period to the Chongzhen Period in the Ming Dynasty as main literature, as well as com- bining with several local chorography of the Qing Dynasty, this paper givesa vivid presence of the weaving world in the Ming Dynasty with considerations of the productive facility, fabric variety, color, pattern, usage, clothing, atmosphere change and other. These historical data, which directly or indirectly keep a record of col- or, pattern, texture and craft of the time, are mainly found in products, customs and tributes records etc. of various local chronicles and are raw data of researching folk embroideries in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Historical data of handicraft in chorographyprovide cle
出处
《民族艺术研究》
CSSCI
2016年第2期234-241,共8页
Ethnic Art Studies
关键词
工艺美术史
明清
地方志
手工艺
织绣
History of arts and handicraft, Ming and Wing Dynasties, Chorography, Handicraft, Embroidery
