摘要
为黔中地区的水土保持和生态环境建设提供参考,基于野外径流小区实测降雨资料,选取降雨量、降雨历时、平均雨强3个指标,采用快速聚类、判别聚类和分位数取值相结合的方法,将侵蚀性次降雨划分为A、B、C 3类雨型,研究黔中地区侵蚀性次降雨特征。结果表明:1)黔中地区年均降雨量913.52mm、年均侵蚀性降雨量493.17mm,平均次侵蚀性降雨量26.42mm。2)侵蚀性降雨量在每年5月和9月最稳定,在7月达最大值。3)降雨次数和降雨量均呈夏季>春季>秋季>冬季的趋势。降雨量在夏季年际间波动小,在春季和秋季年际间波动大。4)3类雨型的侵蚀能力呈A雨型(大雨量,长历时,大雨强,低频次)>C雨型(小雨量,短历时,中雨强,高频次)>B雨型(中雨量,中历时,小雨强,中频次)。5)各雨型降雨侵蚀力与平均雨强、最大30分钟雨强、最大60分钟雨强呈幂函数关系。
The erosive individual rainfall types are divided into A,B and C type by means of analyzing three indexes of rainfall capacity,rainfall duration and average rainfall intensity selected from the actual rainfall data of field runoff plots by K-Means cluster,discriminant clustering and quantile value methods.The erosive individual rainfall characteristics was studied by analyzing three erosive individual rainfall ypes to provide a reference for water and soil conservation and ecological environment construction in Central Guizhou.Results：1）Annual average rainfall capacity,annual average erosive rainfall capacity and average single erosive rainfall capacity is 913.52 mm,493.17 mm and 26.42 mm separately.2）The erosive rainfall capacity is the most stable in May and September but the erosive rainfall capacity is the maximum in July in ayear.3）Rainfall times and rainfall capacity are Summer Spring Autumn Winter.The fluctuation of rainfall capacity is small in Summer but the fluctuation of rainfall capacity is great in Spring and Autumn among different years.4）The erosive capacity of three rainfall types is A type（heavy rainfall capacity,longer rainfall duration,high rainfall intensity and lower rainfall frequency C type（small rainfall capacity,short rainfall duration,moderate rainfall intensity and higher frequency） B type（moderate rainfall capacity,moderate rainfall duration,lower rainfall intensity and moderate frequency）.5）The rainfall erosion force of three rainfall types show a power function relationship with average rainfall intensity,maximum rainfall intensity in 30 min and maximum rainfall intensity in 60 min.
出处
《贵州农业科学》
CAS
2016年第4期133-137,共5页
Guizhou Agricultural Sciences
基金
贵州省教育厅教改项目"贵州省喀斯特生态与环境专业学位研究生工作站"[黔教研合JYSZ字(2014)003]
关键词
次降雨
降雨特征
降雨类型
降雨侵蚀力
黔中地区
individual rainfall
rainfall characteristics
rainfall type
rainfall erosion force
Center Guizhou
