摘要
目的了解某高校本科生新生和硕士研究生新生健康素养状况,分析影响因素,为改善学生健康素养水平提供依据。方法制定调查问卷,采取整群抽样的方法,选取某高校本科一年级全体新生和校本部硕士一年级全体新生,共537人做健康素养问卷调查,共回收有效问卷484份。结果某高校新生具备健康素养的比例为15.91%;健康素养三个方面,具备健康生活方式与行为素养的比例最低,为11.16%;五类健康问题方面,具备慢性病预防素养的比例最低,为15.29%;健康素养总体得分显示,本科生新生高于硕士研究生新生(P<0.01)、独生子女高于非独生子女(P<0.0001)、城镇生源高于农村生源(P<0.01)、家庭平均月收入5 000元及以上的高于不足5 000元的(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析显示,是否独生子女、健康知识获取途径、对健康教育的内容和形式的满意程度的不同自我评价是具备健康素养与否的影响因素。结论某高校新生的健康素养总体水平较低,学校应重点加强健康生活方式与行为方面和慢性病预防方面的健康促进工作,对男生、研究生、非独生子女、农村生源、家庭经济条件较差的学生群体予以重点关注,满足学生对提升健康素养的不同需求。
Objective This paper aims to get the health information of fresh students in certain university in Shanghai,then to understand the main factors in cultivation of health literacy. Therefore our results could provide references for colleges and universities to improve health literacy of students. Methods Totally 537 freshmen（ 484 valid questionnaires） of undergraduate and graduate students in a university were taken as investigation object by method of cluster sampling and anonymous survey. Results Qualified health literacy rate of the freshmen in this university is15. 91%. In three main aspects of health literacy,qualified rate of healthy life style and behavior is the lowest,11. 16%. In five aspects of health issues,qualified rate of chronic disease prevention is the lowest,15. 29%. Statistically significant demo logical factors from the differences of total score indicate that undergraduates higher than graduates（ P〈0. 01）,the only child higher than not the only child（ P〈0. 0001）,cities and towns students higher than rural students（ P〈0. 01）,last year the family average monthly income of more than 5 000 yuan higher than the less than 5 000 yuan（ P〈0. 05）. Binary logistic regression of influence factors in health literacy showed that only child or not,ways of health knowledge acquisition,satisfaction level of health education contents and form are the three influence factors. Conclusion The level of entire health literacy of fresh students in certain university in Shanghai is low. We should pay attention to not only undergraduates,but also graduates. Healthy life style is the worst in three main aspects of health literacy while chronic disease prevention is the worst in five main aspects of health issues. Related departments in colleges and universities should strengthen the health education and health promotion. The university should focus on male,graduates,only child,cities and towns students,students in poor family conditions.We should meet the different needs of students to improve
出处
《解放军医院管理杂志》
2016年第2期137-141,共5页
Hospital Administration Journal of Chinese People's Liberation Army
关键词
健康素养
大学新生
现况
影响因素
health literacy
university freshmen
status
influencing factors
