摘要
目的研究灰霾天气大气污染对广州市儿童呼吸系统症状的影响。方法于2013年10月—2014年8月在广州市选择2所小学4~6年级的676名学生作为研究对象,每个学生每隔14 d随访一次过去两周内有关呼吸系统症状发生的情况,结合同时期的灰霾天气大气污染资料,采用广义线型Poisson回归模型分析了儿童呼吸系统症状与大气污染物浓度及灰霾天数之间的关系。结果单一大气污染因素模型回归分析显示：灰霾天数对咳嗽、咳痰、2周内喘息和2周内咳嗽均表现为正效应,RR值分别为1.018 7、1.013 5、1.005 2、1.006 5,除咳痰症状外差异均有统计学意义;大气污染物（PM10、NO2、SO2）对上述4种呼吸系统症状的RR值均〉1,具有显著的正效应。多个大气污染因素模型回归分析显示：灰霾天数仅与2周内咳嗽的发生有统计学关联（RR=1.001 6）;PM10和NO2每升高10μg/m3仅与咳痰有统计学关联,RR分别为1.084 7和1.005 6;SO2与4种呼吸系统症状均有正向统计学关联。结论灰霾天气大气污染在一定程度上与儿童呼吸系统症状的发生有关。
Objective To study the effects of haze on children＇s respiratory symptoms. Methods A total of 676 students of grade 4-6 in two primary schools were chosen as the objects in Guangzhou during Oct. 2013-Aug. 2014. Each student was followed up once every 14 days to investigate the occurrence of respiratory symptoms, the data of haze and air pollutants were collected at the same time. Generalized linear Poisson regression model was used to analyze the relationship between children ＇s respiratory symptoms and the air pollution and haze. Results Univariate regression models analysis showed that haze had positive relation with cough,sputum,wheezing in the 2 weeks and cough in the 2 weeks,the differences were statistically significant except wheezing in the 2 weeks,the relative risk（RR） values were 1.018 7, 1.013 5, 1.005 2 and 1.006 5,respectively. The air pollution（PM10, NO2, SO2） showed a significant positive effect on four kinds of respiratory symptoms.Multivariate regression models analysis showed haze was statistically significant only for cough in the 2 weeks and the RR was1.001 6. The RR values of PM10 and NO2with an increase of 10 μg/m3 to sputum were 1.084 7 and 1.005 6, with statistically significance. SO2 showed a significant positive relation with four kinds of respiratory symptoms. Conclusion Respiratory symptoms of children are closely associated with air pollution and haze in a degree.
出处
《环境与健康杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2016年第1期48-51,共4页
Journal of Environment and Health
基金
环境保护部2014年国家环保公益性行业科研专项(201409081)
