摘要
遵循国际规范,基于世界银行用于测度单一机会不平等的人类机会指数（Human Opportunity Index,HOI）,借鉴最新的综合测度方法和多维机会指数（Multidimensional Human Opportunity Index,MHOI）,首次对中国儿童的教育、医疗保险、安全饮水、卫生设施及家庭用电5种基本机会不平等进行综合测度。实证结果显示,2011年,中国7~12岁儿童最少享有2种基本机会,所有基本机会全部享有的儿童不到60%。在所考虑的基本机会中,儿童卫生设施的覆盖率、公平性和HOI是最低的,其次是安全饮水;卫生设施和安全饮水的HOI表现出较大的地区和城乡差异。从而导致MHOI较大的地区和城乡差异;动态分析结果表明,近10多年来,中国儿童各种基本机会的覆盖率和公平性都得到了持续的改善,但各基本机会的HOI和MHOI仍存在较大的改善空间。这些量化结论具有一定的政策指导意义。
This paper gives a comprehensive measurement of children＇s multiple basic opportunities（education,medical insurance,safe drinking water,sanitation and household electricity）in China firstly,follows international norms,based on the HOI developed by World Bank,using latest comprehensive measurement method and MHOI for reference.Empirical results show that,Chinese children aged 7to 12 in 2011have access to at least 2dimensions,only less than 60 percent of these children have access to all basic services.In the basic opportunities for children under consideration,the coverage,equitable coverage and HOI of sanitation is the lowest,followed by safe drinking water,these two basic services and MHOI show a great regional and urban-rural differences.Dynamic analysis results show that the coverage and equity of Chinese children＇s each basic opportunity have been continuously improved during the latest decade and there are still large space for improvement in each HOI and MHOI.The quantitative conclusions have important policy guidance.
出处
《统计与信息论坛》
CSSCI
北大核心
2016年第4期16-21,共6页
Journal of Statistics and Information
基金
国家社会科学基金一般项目<中国收入分配的益贫性统计研究>(15BTJ012)
山西省高等学校人文社会科学重点研究基地项目<资源型经济居民收入益贫式增长研究>(2014334)
