摘要
在默会认识论相关理论的启发下,重新阐释了武术"口传心授"的内涵及其时代意义,认为:武术作为一种内外兼修的以技击为核心的"综合实用技术",存在难以充分用语言表达的"强的默会知识"(亲知、"使人巧"的能力之知)和在运动过程中所依赖的大量未被言说的"弱的默会知识"(各种或隐或显的"规矩"),这使习练者需要技艺高超、经验丰富的"明师"指点;正是在"明师"的言传身教之下,习练者经过长期的体认功夫逐渐将规矩内化、身心整合,从而与"明师"和经典拳论中的相关体会与心得实现沟通,甚至步入"技进乎道"的高妙境界。对"口传心授"的传习方式进行研究并非要在当代社会将其全面复兴,只是要从哲学认识论的高度重新审视武术的知识特点,从而发挥"口传心授"对武术的传承与发展所仍具有的相关重要价值与意义,如它有助于传统武术技艺的传承与创新,有助于满足大众由浅入深、精进技艺的内在需求以及学校培养武术精英人才的发展需求等。
Enlightened by tacit epistemology theory,the article redefined the hinted meaning and era significance of Wu Shu＇s＂Kou Chuan Xin Shou＂,working out the following conclusion. Being a comprehensive attacking skill which place emphasis of internal and external cultivation,Wushu command a kind of tacit knowledge which defies the language definition（real personal knowledge to allow people with＂craftsmanship＂of knowledge）. It entails the guidance by masters of the game when these tacit knowledge is to apply into the training process. It is under this master＇s direction that the trainees begin to internalize certain rules and integrate the body and mind. What is ensued is melting of masters＇ guidance with classic theories of the game,being then transported into even realm of skills by theories. The search for＂Kou Chuan Xin Shou＂is not necessarily to revive the archaic theories,whereas it is rather to reexamine the features embedded in knowledge of the game,give it a full play of the value of ＂Kou Chuan Xin Shou＂as it is contributive to the game＇s innovation and development and it can cater for demand of gradual learning pattern of the mass and that of schools＇ cultivation of talent learners.
出处
《西安体育学院学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2016年第2期205-212,共8页
Journal of Xi'an Physical Education University
基金
国家社会科学基金青年项目(CLA130193)
关键词
武术
口传心授
明述知识
默会知识
Wushu
＂Kou Chuan Xin Shou＂
specify knowledge
tacit knowledge
