摘要
自胡适、周作人按等级分野将清末白话文倡导者对文言、白话的使用区分"我们"与"他们"、"老爷"与"听差"之后,后世史家大体沿用这一说法,并由此形成了对清末二元"白话观"的阶级局限性定位及批判性思维定势。而事实上,清末白话报刊之拟想读者从一开始就并非纯粹的中下民众,部分白话文作者眼光瞄向全体国民。随后,白话报人的眼光逐渐上调,报刊白话文之读者定位逐渐上移,中上社会成为白话报刊不可或缺的接受群体,"他们"和"我们"已是你中有我,我中有你,其界限已不甚分明。至五四时期,新文化倡导者将白话打造成现代正式书写语言之候选;而其语言观念、社会基础和白话书写经验,是清末民初20余年间逐步培育起来的。
In late Qing Dynasty, Hu Shi and Zhou Zuoren distinguished ＂ we＂ from ＂ they＂ and ＂master＂ from ＂ servant＂ according to the hierarchy embodied in language use, i.e., users of classical and vernacular Chinese. Since then, historians followed the division and shaped a dichotomy of class in language use and related critical thinking. However, as a matter of fact, the vernacular newspapers and magazines in late Qing Dynasty and Early Republic age never targeted their readership at middle and lower class only,some vernacular writers even clearly targeted their readership at citizens of all levels. After that, the vernacular press practitioners focused more and more on issues of higher level, and their assumed readership was adjusted gradually to higher class. As the middle and higher society became indispensable receptive group, the division between ＂ they＂ and ＂ we＂ was blurred. In the ＂ May Fourth＂ Period, the expounders of New Culture Movement proposed vernacular as candidate for formal modern written language.The basis for such a proposal was based on the linguistic ideas, social basis and vernacular writing experiences which were developed in the some two-decade period.
出处
《井冈山大学学报（社会科学版）》
2016年第2期113-119,共7页
Journal of Jinggangshan University(Social Sciences)
基金
教育部人文社科研究基金项目"清末白话文运动研究"(项目编号:11YJA751021)
关键词
清末
白话文运动
白话报刊
拟想读者
late Qing Dynasty
vernacular language movement
vernacular press
assumed readership
