摘要
采用尼龙网袋法对河西绿洲灌区带膜还田时玉米秸秆的腐解率及其还田层的温、湿度变化趋势进行分析,旨在为当地玉米秸秆还田提供理论依据和技术支撑。结果表明,秸秆还田在早晨8∶00左右可以提高土壤表层温度,在傍晚8∶00左右可以减缓土壤温度降低,其中翻压带膜还田时,秸秆还田层的日均相对湿度、最大相对湿度和最小相对湿度均高于覆盖带膜还田,但是相对湿度的日较差却低于覆盖带膜还田。同时,还田层的日最低温度高于覆盖带膜还田,而日均温度、最高温度和温度日较差却低于覆盖带膜还田。还田层温度、相对湿度和腐解时间是还田秸秆腐解的主要影响因子,其中还田层的温度影响最大,相对湿度和腐解时间其次。秸秆覆盖带膜还田时,还田层温度和相对湿度对还田秸秆的腐解起主要作用,腐解时间起次要作用。秸秆翻压带膜还田时,还田层温度、相对湿度和腐解时间三者对还田秸秆的腐解率均起主要作用。翻压带膜还田30天进入秸秆腐解高峰期,月腐解率达15%~16%,覆盖带膜还田60天进入腐解高峰期,月腐解率达11%~16%。经过180天的腐解后,翻压带膜还田的秸秆累积腐解率为72.5%,覆盖带膜还田秸秆的累积腐解率为56.0%。可见,在河西绿洲灌区进行秸秆带膜还田时,翻压带膜还田要好于覆盖带膜还田。
To provide a theoretical basis and technical support for returning corn straw to field in local areas,variation trends in decomposition rate of corn straw,and temperature and relative humidity of straw returned layer when returning straw to blank strips above plastic film were studied by using nylon net bags in Hexi oasis irrigation. The results showed that straw returning could increase topsoil temperature at around 8 am but alleviate the soil temperature decline at around 8pm. Daily average relative humidity,maximum relative humidity and minimum relative humidity at the straw returned layer under straw-buried to blank strips above the plastic film were higher than those with the straw-mulching treatment,but the diurnal relative humidity was lower. Meanwhile,daily minimum temperature at the straw returned layer by the straw-buried treatment was higher than that by straw-mulching,but the average daily temperature,maximum temperature and diurnal temperature were lower than those by straw-mulching to blank strips above cover plastic film. The temperature,relative humidity and decomposition time of straw returning layer were the main influencing factors for corn straw decomposition. Tem-perature at the straw returned layer had the greatest effect on the decomposition of corn straw,followed by relative humidity and decomposition time. The temperature and relative humidity at the straw returned layer played major roles in the decomposition of straw and the decomposition time played a secondary role under straw-mulcheing to blank strips above plastic film. The temperature,relative humidity and decomposition time played major roles in the decomposition rate of corn straw under straw-buried to blank strips above cover plastic film model. Straw-buried treatment entered the peak stage of straw decomposition after 30 days,while the monthly decomposition rate of corn straw reached to 15% ~ 16%. Straw-mulched treatment entered the peak stage of straw decomposition after 60 days,while the monthly decomposition rate of corn str
出处
《干旱地区农业研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第2期38-43,87,共7页
Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas
基金
"十二五"农村领域国家科技计划(2012BAD05B03-2)
关键词
带膜还田
玉米秸秆
腐解速率
土壤温度
土壤湿度
通径分析
河西绿洲灌区
straw return to blank strips above cover plastic film
corn straw
decomposition rate
soil temperature
soil humidity
path analysis
hexi oasis irrigation
