摘要
刘知畿"史才三长"论中已含有对史家撰史所应具有的道德素养的要求,并提出了"正直"的标准。元代学人发展了这一点,在史学上提出"心术"概念,并加以阐发。明人继承元人的理论成果,认为"史官不当专尚史才,必以心术为本",丰富了"心术"论的内涵,强调"心术"中的"公心"、"公正"、"公平"之意。至清代章学诚提出"史德"说,继承了明人的成果,并在理论上有所突破。史家的道德修养已不再是"心术"说所主要关注的理论重点,而是上升到了历史认识论的高度。
Liu Zhiji＇ s idea about ＂three abilities of historian＂ had been contained in the requirement for the moralities of historian and proposed the standard of ＂honesty＂. The scholars in Yuan Dynasty developed this idea, raised and interpreted the concept of ＂intention of historian＂. The scholars in Ming Dynasty inherited the theoretical achievements of their predecessors, believed that ＂the historiographer should pursuit historical intention rather than historical talent＂, enriched the meaning of the theory of ＂intention of historian＂, and emphasized the factors of ‘common will＇,‘general will＇ and ‘justice＇. Zhang Xuecheng, a scholar in Qing Dynasty, presented the idea of ‘historian morality＇, which developed the predecessors＇ thought, and achieved some theoretical innovations. At this point, the historian＇ s morality was no more the central thesis of the theory of‘intention of historian＇ concerned, but rising to the high level of historical epistemology.
出处
《北京行政学院学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2016年第2期111-116,共6页
Journal of Beijing administration institute
关键词
明人笔记
心术
公心
史德
章学诚
historical notes of Ming Dynasty
intention of historian
common will
historian＇ s morality
Zhang Xuecheng
