摘要
目的了解2012-2014年急诊科重症患者院内感染病原菌分布及耐药情况,为控制感染发生及耐药性发展提供指导。方法收集2012-2014年急诊科重症患者送检样本,分离菌株,采用全自动细菌鉴定仪进行菌种鉴定,K-B法进行药敏试验。结果 2012年1月~2014年12月住院的941例急诊重症患者的各类临床标本共分离出病原菌545株,其中革兰阴性菌331株（占60.73%）,革兰阳性菌181株（占33.21%）,真菌11株（占2.02%）。革兰阴性菌主要为铜绿假单胞菌（331株）,肺炎克雷伯菌（103株）,鲍曼不动杆菌（51株）以及大肠埃希菌（43株）;革兰阳性菌主要为金黄色葡萄球菌（83株）,凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（53株）和粪肠球菌（45株）;真菌较少,主要为白色假丝酵母菌（20株）。2012-2014年铜绿假单胞菌对环丙沙星的耐药率分别为57.45%、50.00%和60.98%,肺炎克雷伯菌、鲍曼不动杆菌和大肠埃希菌对亚胺培南耐药率最低,且4种革兰阴性菌耐药性逐年增加。2012-2014年金黄色葡萄球菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌和粪肠球菌对青霉素耐药率最高,对万古霉素耐药率最低,且各分离菌耐药性逐年增加。结论 2012-2014年急诊科重症患者院内感染以革兰阴性菌为主,且各分离菌耐药性逐年增高,加强病原菌药敏试验监测对医院感染的预防和治疗具有重要意义。
Objective The distribution and drug resistance of pathogens infecting seriously ill patients infected in a hospital Emergency Department from 2012-2014 were studied to provide guidance to control infections and the development of drug resistance. Methods Samples were collected from seriously ill patients who were infected in a hospital Emergency Department from 2012-2014.Pathogens were isolated and identified with an automated microbe identification device,and drug sensitivity testing was performed using the K-B method. Results In total,545 strains of pathogens were isolated from various clinical samples from 941 seriously ill patients who were infected in a hospital Emergency Department from January 2012 to December 2014.The pathogens included 331 strains of Gram-negative bacteria（60.73%）,181 strains of Gram-positive bacteria（33.21%）,and 11 strains of fungi（2.02%）.Gram-negative bacteria mainly included 331 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa,103 strains of Klebsiella pneumonia,51 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii,and 43 strains of Escherichia coli.Gram-positive bacteria mainly included 83 strains of Staphylococcus aureus,53 strains of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus,and 45 strains of Enterococcus faecalis.There were few strains of fungi.Fungi were mainly 20 strains of Candida albicans.In addition,the resistance of P.aeruginosato ciprofloxacin was 57.45%in2012,50.00%in 2013,and 60.98%in 2014.K.pneumoniae,A.baumannii,and E.coli had the lowest resistance to imipenem,and the drug resistance of the 4species of Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria tended to increase each year.From 2012-2014,S.aureus,coagulase-negative Staphylococcus,and Enterococcus faecalis had the highest resistance to penicillin and the lowest resistance to vancomycin.The drug resistance of all of the isolated bacteria increased each year. Conclusion Pathogens infecting seriously ill patients in a hospital Emergency Department were mainly Gram-negative bacteria,and the drug resistance of all of the isolated bacteria increased each year.Th
出处
《中国病原生物学杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第2期169-172,176,共5页
Journal of Pathogen Biology
关键词
急诊科
重症患者
病原菌感染
耐药性
Emergency Department
seriously ill patients
pathogen infection
drug resistance
