摘要
马克思对私有财产权的批判既有哲学批判,也有历史唯物主义批判,前者主要存在于《德意志意识形态》之前,后者主要存在于《德意志意识形态》及之后,特别是《资本论》及其手稿中,它们共同揭示了私有财产权不是自然权利,而是基于市民社会的权利。以私有财产表现人性意味着人的关系的全面异化,私有财产权则是这种异化的法权确认,它无法兑现其人道主义承诺,在实质上它是有产者针对无产者的权利。在私有财产权问题上,马克思的两种批判并不存在截然的断裂,后者是前者的进一步推进和具体化。马克思对私有财产权的批判在总体上不属于道德批判,但如果认为历史唯物主义批判排除了对私有财产权、人权理解的道德维度,也是对历史唯物主义的误解,特别是将其误解为"历史相对主义+经济一元决定论"。
Marx made both philosophical criticism and historical materialism criticism on private property right.Private property showing human nature means the comprehensive alienation of the relationship between human beings,and private property right is the confirmation of this kind of alienation.It is unable to deliver humanitarian commitment and it is in fact the right of the haves against proletarian.On the issue of private property rights,there is no distinct fracture in Marx＇s two kinds of criticism.Marx＇s criticism of the private property rights in general does not belong to the moral criticism,but it is also a misunderstanding of historical materialism to think that the criticism of historical materialism has ruled out the moral dimension of private property rights and human rights.It is especially wrong to misunderstand it as the theory of＂historical relativism ＋unary economical determinism＂.
出处
《教学与研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2016年第3期5-15,共11页
Teaching and Research
关键词
马克思
私有财产
批判
历史唯物主义
Marx
private property
criticism
historical materialism
