摘要
目的了解北京市职业高中生自杀行为特征的现状及其影响因素,为学校、社区以及家庭采取干预和防治措施提供理论依据。方法 2012年4—5月采用分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取北京市职业高中31所,共5 385名学生参与调查。研究因素包括学生人口统计学特征、故意伤害行为、情绪反应和自杀意念、自杀计划及自杀行动,并采用Logistic回归分析各因素与自杀的关系。结果女生自杀意念（12.8%）、自杀计划（8.8%）及自杀行为报告率（4.8%）均高于男生,差异均无统计学意义（P值均〉0.05）;而多次自杀行为报告率男生（2.9%）高于女生（2.0%）（χ2=4.02,P〈0.05）;年级越高的学生自杀意念、自杀计划及自杀行动报告率越低（χ2值分别为21.18,9.25,11.75,P值均〈0.05）。单亲家庭、隔代家庭、重组家庭学生自杀意念、自杀计划及自杀行为报告率明显高于核心家庭学生（P值均〈0.01）。家庭人均月收入0～199元和≥5 000元的学生自杀4项指标均较高,而人均月收入2 000～2 999元的学生自杀4项指标的报告率均最低（分别为8.0%,5.7%,1.6%和0）。Logistic分析结果显示,高一、母亲文化程度高、学习成绩差、家庭人均月收入过高或过低、单亲、重组及隔代家庭、被经常故意伤害、参与打架、常感到孤独及失眠是自杀行为及意念的危险因素。结论青少年自杀与家庭类型、家庭人均月收入、学习成绩、故意伤害行为等因素密切相关,学校和家庭应该联合对学生自杀的影响因素进行干预,及时识别危险状况的发生,建立预防机制。
Objective To evaluate characteristic of suicide behaviors and associated factors among occupational high school students. Methods A total of 5 385 students in occupational high schools in Beijing participated into the study. The survey used stratified cluster sampling method to select 31 occupational high schools between April to May in 2012. Sex, age, grade, nation, father＇s occupation, family type, family income, mothers＇ educational background, school achievements, accommodation status, intentional injury behaviors, emotional indicators, the intention, plan and behavior of suicide, Results The prevalence of inten- tion （12.8%）, plan （8.8%） and behavior （4.8%） of suicide was significantly higher in girls, but the prevalence of the repeated suicidal behavior was higher in boys （ 2.9% ） than girls（ 2.0% ） （χ2 = 4.02, P〈0.05） ; the prevalence of both suicidal intention and behavior were higher among lower grade students（χ2 = 21.18, 9.25, 11.75, P〈0.05）. Students living with both parents had lower risk of suicide compared with students with single parent, with grandparents and those with one step-parent family（P〈0.01）. The prevalence of suicide behavior was lowest among students with family income per capita between 2 000 and 2 999（8.0%, 5.7%, 1.6%, 0）. Poor academic achievement, bully victims, safety without guaranteed, joining in fight and depressed mood were the main influencing factors（P〈0.01）. Logistic analysis showed that male, grade 10, higher education of mothers, poor academic a- chievement, family income, living in single parent or one step-parent or grandparents, bully victims, participating in fight, loneli- ness and insomnia were the risk factors of suicide. Conclusion This study suggests that preventive efforts in occupational high school should target those children who are characterized by poor academic achievement, living in a single parent family, being bul- lying victims, reported loneliness and insomnia.
出处
《中国学校卫生》
CAS
北大核心
2016年第2期224-228,232,共6页
Chinese Journal of School Health
基金
教育部博士点新教师基金资助项目(2011000120102)
关键词
自杀
精神卫生
因素分析
统计学
学生
Suicide
Mental health
Factor analysis, statistical
Students
