摘要
由《水经注》始,中国传统典籍记载了与运城盐池盐业生产相关的诸多科技史料,记录了其若干地理与水文特征,并涉及"浇晒"、"南风"等产盐的关键技术与条件。近代学者曹焕文将实地考察与古人记载相比对,解释了卤水中添加淡水的成盐机理以及"颗盐"形成的晶体学原因,提出了"咸、淡水钩配原理";同时,通过对卤水化学成分的鉴定和对盐池副产品开发的研究,得出气候温度对卤水化学变化的重要作用,由此将古人对"南风"促进卤水水分蒸发的直观认识提高到"携带热能、配合化学反应"的现代科学水平。从以《梦溪笔谈》、《天工开物》为代表的中国古代科学传统,到曹焕文引入西方科学研究,这是一种范式的转换,也是运城盐池研究与开发现代化的标志。本文从范式转换的角度,探讨了曹焕文在运城盐池科学研究从传统向现代转型中的奠基作用。
Starting from Shui Jing Zhu, the traditional books and records of China preserved numbers of historical materials relating to the salt production of ancient Yuncheng Saline, which have given some analysis of the geological and hydrological characteristics of the Saline, and also covered the key conditions of the production, such as ＂Watering and Sunning＂, ＂the South Wind＂ and so on. Comparing his investigations results in Ynncheng Saline with the ancient scientific records, the modern scholar Cao Huanwen explained the salt production theory of adding fresh water into the brine, gave the crystallographic reason of the formation of ＂the big salt granule＂, and proposed the principle of ＂salty and sweet water blending＂. Meanwhile, through the identification of the chemical composition of the brine and the research on the development of the co-products of the Saline, Cao concluded that the air temperature played an important role upon the chemical changes in the brine. So the basic understanding of ＂the South Wind＂ which can help promote the evaporation of the brine is now thought to be ＂carrying heat and cooperating with the chemical reaction＂. From the scientific tradition of ancient China represented by Meng Xi Bi Tan and Tian Gong Kai tFu, to the modern research of Cao Huanwen, who introduced the theory and methods of western science, is essentially a paradigm transformation, and also the symbol of the modernized exploitation of Yuncheng Saline. Through the perspective of paradigm transformation, the paper is the first attempt to discuss the foundational role that Cao Huanwen had played in the transition of scientific research about Yuncheng Saline from the traditional to the modern mode.
出处
《自然辩证法通讯》
CSSCI
北大核心
2016年第2期73-79,共7页
Journal of Dialectics of Nature
基金
山西省回国留学人员科研资助项目:山西科技文化遗产保护与开发(项目编号:2014-001)
关键词
曹焕文
运城盐池
范式
转换
Cao Huanwen
Yuncheng Saline
Paradigm
Transformation
