摘要
20世纪20年代的农民运动带给中国乡村的关键性变化,是革命型乡村政治的兴起。这种新型的乡村政治,兴起于传统乡村半正式治理的场域,其主要特征包括:农民的民众组织崛起,成为乡村社会中重要的权力主体;基层农民的迫切需要而非官僚行政自上而下的要求,被界定为最重要的公共问题;源于经济领域的阶级矛盾开始被积极地政治化,成为重要的政治议题;乡村社会不再是简单地处于县政治自上而下的支配之下,而是开始更加主动地自下而上地影响县政治。本文将基于海丰和广东其他区域农民运动的经验,阐明上述革命型乡村政治的主要特征,并指出中国乡村的半正式治理和地方军事化传统对这种新乡村政治模式的影响。
The peasant movement in Guangdong from 1922 to 1926 gave birth to a new revolutionary rural politics,which differed from earlier rural politics in four respects. Grassroots organizations of peasants rose to become influential power holders,first to take on the functions of rural governance; second,to satisfy the urgent needs of peasants at the bottom of society,rather than just meeting the top-down demands of the bureaucracy;third,to politicize class contradictions in the economic sphere; fourth,to turn rural society from passivity into a force that impacted county politics from the bottom up. This article,using the rich empirical evidence on the peasant movement in Haifeng and other regions of Guangdong,shows the relevance of the traditions of semiformal governance and local militarization in the making of this new rural politics.
出处
《开放时代》
CSSCI
北大核心
2016年第2期194-210,共17页
Open Times
基金
中国人民大学新教师启动金项目(项目批准号:13XNF048)支持
关键词
革命型乡村政治
农民运动
农村阶级问题
半正式治理
地方军事化
revolutionary rural politics
peasant movement
rural class contradictions
semiformal governance
local militarization
