摘要
为维持社会人际关系的和谐，中国古代的思想家对竞争多采取排斥的态度。但许多思想家和开明的统治者为了经邦济世、富国强兵，在其社会实践活动中采取了一些鼓励竞争的政策，这主要表现于科举选才和奖励耕战两个方面。这些政策的实施对推动我国古代社会的发展起到了重要的作用。近代，随着西方思想的传入，竞争观念被人们公开接纳。生存竞争一时成为中华民族救亡图存的思想旗帜。许多思想家对竞争进行了多方位的思考，为我们提供了不少宝贵的启示。为了应对目前我国市场经济建设中已经发生和即将发生的各种复杂情况，立足现实、借鉴前贤，树立正确的竞争现念、制定严密的竞争规则以解决竞争中出现的偏差，已是我们的当务之急。
Most of thinkers in chinese ancient times assumed a negative attitude to competition in the consideration of keeping the har-mony of social interpersonal relationships. However, many thinkers and enlightened rulers adopted some policies of encouraging com-petition in their social paractical activities in the aim of managing the country, making the country rich and building up the militarymight, these policies were mainly shown on the imperial examinations system for selecting talents and the rewarding system in warfighting and land cultivation. The implementation of these policies played a important role in promoting the social development in Chi-nese ancient times. The competition idea was openly accepted with the introduction of western thoughts in modern times. Competi-tion for living was once an ideological banner for Chinese to save the nation from being conquered. Many thinkers studied about com-petition in many ways and left many precious enlightenment to us. It is urgent issue for us to establish a righ compeition view andperfect competition rules for correcting the mistakes occurred in competition in the base of analysis of reality and draw lessons formformer worthies, so as to deal with various complicated cases happened or will happen in the constructiong of Chinese marketing econo-my.s
出处
《文史哲》
CSSCI
北大核心
2002年第3期60-66,共7页
Literature,History,and Philosophy
关键词
和谐原则
科举选才
奖励耕战
物竞天择
正当竞争
Harmonious principles
Imperial examination system for selecting talents
Rewarding system in war fighting and cultiva-tion: Every living things each other according rules
Legal competitions
