摘要
目的:探讨结肠癌和直肠癌在癌变相关分子机制方面的异同。方法:选取本院2013年1月-2014年12月30例结肠癌和30例直肠癌组织标本用于基因突变检测,分别设为结肠癌组与直肠癌组,各8例新鲜的结肠癌和直肠癌组织标本用于信号通路检测,比较不同标本的蛋白表达阳性率和信号通路。结果:两组APC、Wnt-1和p53基因蛋白表达情况比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。直肠癌组PSM2和MLH1蛋白表达阳性率均显著高于结肠癌组,比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);结肠癌组MSH2和MSH6蛋白表达阳性率均显著高于直肠癌组,比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结肠癌组K-ras突变率显著高于直肠癌组,比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.038);结肠癌和直肠癌共有的信号通路为代谢通路、Wnt/β-catenin、血管平滑肌收缩通路、紧密连接通路和细胞周期通路,且这些通路相关的差异基因表达大部分;而轴突导向通路仅出现在直肠癌中,p53基因信号通路、药物代谢-细胞色素P450通路大量出现于结肠癌中。结论:结肠癌和直肠癌在癌变相关分子机制方面既有共性,也有个性:共性表现为Wnt信号通路、变异型p53蛋白和APC蛋白在二者癌变过程中发挥重要作用;个性表现为结肠癌中存在大量错配修复基因突变蛋白表达缺失,以PSM2和MLH1为主,而直肠癌以MSH2与MSH6为主。
Objective： To explore the similarities and differences between colon cancer and rectal cancer in oncogenesis molecular mechanism.Method： Each 30 cases of colon cancer and rectal cancer tissue specimens in our hospital from January 2013 to December 2014 were used for gene mutation detection, each eight fresh tissue specimens of colon cancer and rectal cancer were used for signaling pathways detection.The positive rate of protein expression and the signaling pathways of different specimens were compared.Result： The differences in protein expression of APC, Wnt-1 and p53 gene between the two groups were not statistically significant （P〉0.05） . The positive rates of PSM2 and MLH1 protein expression in the rectal cancer group were higher than those in the colon cancer group, the differences were statistically significant （ P〈0.01 ） .The positive rates of MSH2 and MSH6 protein expression in the colon cancer group were higher than those in the rectal cancer group, the differences were statistically significant （ P〈0.05 ） .The mutation rate of K-ras in the colon cancer group was higher than that in the rectal cancer group, the difference was statistically significant （P=0.038） .The common signal pathways of colon cancer and rectal cancer were metabolic pathway, Wnt/β -catenin, pathway of vascular smooth muscle contraction, closely connected pathway and cell cycle pathway.Most differential genes related to these pathways expressed.Axon guidance pathway appeared only in rectal cancer.Signaling pathway of p53 gene and drug metabolizing-cytochrome P450 pathway most appeared in colon cancer.Condusion： Colon and rectal cancer have common and personal molecular mechanism.Their common manifestations show that Wnt signaling pathway, mutant p53 protein and APC protein play an important role in carcinogenesis process.Their individualitys show that presence of large mismatch repair gene mutations that cause protein loss mainly consists of PSM2 and MLH1 in colon cancer, but it mainly consists of MSH2 an
出处
《中国医学创新》
CAS
2016年第5期77-80,共4页
Medical Innovation of China
关键词
结肠癌
直肠癌
分子机制
Colon cancer
Rectal cancer
Molecular mechanism
