摘要
基于2011—2013年五大连池的调查,对浮游动物群落结构时空分布特征进行分析,探讨重点放养鱼类之一鳙Aristichthys nobilis的合理放养量。结果表明,五大连池浮游动物4类82种(含未定种);主要优势种集中于原生动物和轮虫,有恩氏筒壳虫Tintinnidium entzii、纵长异尾轮虫Trichocerca elongate等,大型浮游动物中仅剑水蚤Cyclops sp.、无节幼体Nauplii形成优势;密度、生物量总计为3794.98ind/L和2.4558mg/L;多样性指数H'、J、d均值分别为2.15、0.7和0.98;浮游动物群落时空差异显著,五池密度、生物量、多样性、均匀度较高,二池(P2)、三池(P3)相似且次于五池;另外,二池(P2)、三池(P3)浮游动物的密度、生物量、多样性均呈现夏季高于春秋季;根据结果获得五大连池鳙的合理放养量为5.71×105尾。研究可为五大连池生境保护和渔业资源的可持续利用提供科学依据。
Wudalianchi Lake is located in the hilly regions of Songnen Plain in northern Heilongjiang Province. The latitude and longitude of Wudalianchi Lake range from 48.56° N to 48.63°N and 126°E to 126.35°E. From 1719 to 1721, volcanic eruptions occurred in Laohei Mountain and Huoshao Mountain. Basalt flows blocked the Baihe River, a tributary of the Namoer River, to form the bead-like Wudalianchi Lake consisting of five parts （P1-P5）. Wudalianchi Lake is the second largest volcanic-dammed lake in China and is also a world geological park that is used for fisheries and tourism. The primary stocking fish are Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Aristichthys nobilis in part 2 （P2） and part 3 （P3） of Wudalianchi Lake. The lake has a continental monsoon climate, with a long, cold winter and a short, cool summer. The lake freezes in late October and thaws in early May. In July, the temperature rises to 21.0℃, on average. The annual average rainfall is 476.3 mm, mostly accumulating from June to August. The main water sources are rainfall and underground springs, and water flows from P5, Pal, P3, and P2 to P1. P3 has the largest water area of 7.58 km2, followed by P5 （6.1 km2） , P2 （2.63 km2） , P4 （0.47 km2） , and P1 （0.25 km2）. P3 is the deepest region in the lake （average depth, 4.5 m）. The average depths are 3.5 m in P2 and P5, and 2.5 m in P1 and P4. Wudalianchi Lake is a shallow eutrophic lake. The species composition, dominant species, density, biomass, and diversity of zooplankton were determined from samples collected from 13 stations in from 2011 to 2013. Based on the survey data, the spatial and temporal distribution of the zooplankton community structure were analyzed, and a reasonable stock density of A. nobilis, one of the key stocking fish in the lake, was discussed. The results showed that 82 species （including unidentified species） belonging to Protozoa, Rotifera, Copepoda and Cladoeera were found in Wudalianchi Lake. The number and percentage of protozoan species （ inclu
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第4期961-970,共10页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(HSY201201)
公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303056-5)
国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD25B10-05)
黑龙江省冷水性鱼类种质资源及增养殖重点开放实验室(201201)
关键词
五大连池
浮游动物
群落结构
Wudalianchi Lake
zooplankton
community structure
