摘要
辂车从周代开始成为帝王用车,其制度不断变化。据历史文献并结合出土的明代藩王墓辂车明器形制考证,其时辂车可分为圆顶、方亭和底座三个部分。圆顶和方亭是辂车的总体结构,在不同时代,圆顶和方亭上的装饰不同。随着圆顶和方亭上的装饰增多,辂车的比例失调,底座开始增高,辂车的动力也不再是最初的依靠马,而是依靠人力。从明代亲王墓葬随葬辂车位置推测象辂的仪仗制度,弥补历史文献中未明确记载亲王象辂位置的缺失。
The Lu chariot was used as a vehicle for the emperor since Zhou dynasty with the frequently changed ceremonial system.According to the historical documents and the excavation of the Lu chariot in the tombs of princes of the Ming Dynasty,the Lu chariot was constructed by three different parts:the dome,the squared pavilion,and the base.The decorations on the dome and the squared pavilion were shifted according to the construction time.As the decoration onto the dome and the square pavilion increased,the proportion of this kind of chariot was out of balance and the base began to raised;also,the driven power of the Lu chariot was shifted from the horsepower to manpower.Based on the burial location of the Lu chariot in the tombs of the princes of the Ming Dynasty,the presumption of the ceremonial system of the ivory decorated Lu chariot completed the historical documents on the Lu chariot for the prince.
作者
刘仕毅
Liu Shiyi(Chengdu Yongling Museum,Chengdu,610032)
出处
《博物院》
2019年第2期77-83,共7页
Museum
关键词
辂
象辂
朱檀墓
朱悦燫墓
Lu chariot
Lu chariot decorated with ivory
tomb of Zhu Tan
tomb of Zhu Yuelian
