摘要
2011年4月对横江中下游浮游植物进行了调查,研究了浮游植物的种类、现存量、群落组成和生物多样性,评价了横江流域水质营养状况。结果显示：共检出浮游植物6门26科33属78种（含变种）。浮游植物群落组成以硅藻和绿藻为主,分别占藻类总种数的71.80%和16.67%。优势种主要有变异直链藻（Melosira varians C.A.Ag）、偏肿桥弯藻（Cymblla veatricosa Kütz）、短小舟形藻（Navicula exigua（Grey.）Mull.）、普通等片藻（Diatoma vulagare Bory.）、系带舟形藻（Navicula cincta（Ehr.）Kütz）、中型脆杆藻（Fragilaria intermidia Grun.）、长鼻空星藻（Coelastrum proboscideum Bohl.）、吻状隐藻（Cryptomonat rostrata）等。浮游植物细胞密度为2.232×105~4.255×105cells/L,水富小岸坝河口（S1）最高,盐津撒渔沱（S3）最低,平均值为3.392×105cells/L;生物量为0.443~1.330 mg/L,最高和最低仍分别出现在水富小岸坝河口（S1）和盐津撒渔沱（S3）,平均值为0.779 mg/L。7个采样站点,Shannon-Wiene多样性指数（H）为4.01~4.43,张窝水电站库区（S2）最低,大观河大关县城（S7）最高,平均为4.22;Pielou均匀性指数（J）为0.74~0.83,张窝水电站库区（S2）最低,洛泽河水电站库区（S4）最高,平均为0.80。生物多样性和均匀度分析结果表明,横江中下游浮游植物多样性较好,分布格局均匀,水质总体上为贫营养型。
In present study,the species,biomass,community structure and diversity of phytoplankton in the middle and lower reaches of the Hengjiang River were investigated in April,2011. Based on these,water quality and the level of eutrophication of Hengjiang River were assessed. The results showed that there were 78 species and varieties belonging to 33 genera,26 families,and 6 phyla,with Bacillariophyta and Chlorophyta as the dominant group,which accounted for71. 80% and 16. 67% of the total species,respectively. And the dominant species mainly included Melosira varians C. A. Ag,Cymblla veatricosa Kütz,Navicula exigua（ Grey.） Mull,Diatoma vulagare Bory,Navicula cincta（ Ehr.）Kütz,Fragilaria intermidia Grun,Coelastrum proboscideum Bohl.,and Cryptomonat rostrata. The phytoplankton densityranged from 2. 232 × 105 cells / L to 4. 255 × 105 cells / L with an average of 3. 392 × 105 cells / L. And the highest density were sampled from the estuary of Hengjiang River in Small shore dam of Shuifu（ point S1）; the lowest density were sampled from the Sa Yutuo of Yanjin（ point S3）. The biomass of phytoplankton was 0. 443 ~ 1. 330 mg / L with an average of0. 779 mg / L,and the highest and lowest biomass were still sampled from point S1 and S3,respectively. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index（ H） of the 7 sampling points ranged from 4. 01 to 4. 43 with an average of 4. 22,and the lowest and the highest H were found in Zhangwo Hydropower Station（ point S2） and Daguan River in Daguan county（ point S7）,respectively. The Pielou evenness index（ J） ranged from 0. 74 to 0. 83 with an average of 0. 80,and the lowest and the highest J occurred in sampling point S2 and Luoze River Hydropower Station（ point S5）. According to the biodiversity index,the results suggested that the biodiversity and evenness of phytoplankton in the middle and lower reaches of the Hengjiang River were at relatively high level. In general,the nutrient level of the water quality was oligotrophic.
出处
《淡水渔业》
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第1期51-58,共8页
Freshwater Fisheries
基金
农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903048-08)
云南省昭通市农业局镇威公路水生态系统修复及人工湿地研究(2010-2014)及水富港扩建工程生态补偿项目
关键词
横江
浮游植物
群落结构
水质评价
多样性
Hengjiang River
phytoplankton
community structure
water quality assessment
diversity
