摘要
木炭作为重要的植物遗存,是重建植被历史、恢复古气候、探讨早期人类活动的理想材料。准确识别木炭以及获取有代表性的样品是顺利开展研究工作的先决条件;木炭的定量研究可提高植被类型及其演替历史的研究精度;而其内部特殊结构组织的观察将提供更为丰富的信息。本文基于近年来国内外最新研究成果,对木炭的鉴别,样品的采集、鉴定和统计等进行系统的归纳和总结,并提出该指标研究过程中仍需解决的一些关键问题。
Fossil charcoal results from incomplete burning, and retains the anatomic character of the original wood, has distinct advantages and significant potential for reconstructing terrestrial vegetation, paleoclimate and human activity. Nevertheless, fossil charcoal is information rich but yet is an under-utilized resource because of a lack of systematic research method in this discipline. Understanding of how charcoal might be recognized in the field and obtaining representative sample are crucial for the charcoal study; and proper research method will expand the application range of the proxy. Recently, quantitative analysis of fossil charcoal has made outstanding achievements in exploring the vegetation type and its succession history; also, the observation of some special construction such as fungi, radial cracks and reflectance within the fossil charcoal can get more information. The aim of this paper is to present the state of the discipline today, systematic review the procedure of fossil charcoal analysis （from identification to statistics analysis）, and introduce the method of charcoal recognition and sampling in the filed; in addition to this, we point out the questions that remain to be studied.
出处
《人类学学报》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第1期149-160,共12页
Acta Anthropologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41202131和41172161)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2014G1271059
2014G3272013)
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项项目(XDA01020304)
国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(973项目)(2010CB950204)共同资助
关键词
木炭
第四纪
考古
古环境
方法
Fossil charcoal
Quatemary
Archaeology
Paleoenvironment
Method
