摘要
为明确生防细菌B1619对番茄枯萎病的田间防治效果,分离鉴定了江苏省铜山、溱潼和沭阳3个番茄种植基地枯萎病菌的种类,检测了番茄全生育期土壤中枯萎病菌的种群数量变化。结果表明,分离获得的枯萎病菌分别属于镰刀菌属的3个种,它们出现的平均频率分别为:尖孢镰刀菌Fusarium oxysporum为74.5%;茄病镰刀菌F.solani为21.3;轮枝镰刀菌F.verticillioides为4.2%。尖孢镰刀菌是引起番茄枯萎病的优势种群。3个番茄种植基地番茄全生育期枯萎病菌种群数量消长规律基本一致,番茄枯萎病菌数量在番茄定殖后迅速繁殖,盛果期达到最大值,采收后数量开始下降。在番茄定植时用生防菌B1619处理土壤后,枯萎病菌的数量明显比未处理过的对照低,在盛果期枯萎病菌的种群数量平均下降了43%,说明生防菌B1619对番茄枯萎病菌的生长繁殖具有较好的抑制作用。在3个番茄种植基地开展了生防菌B1619防控番茄枯萎病田间试验示范,结果显示,用生防菌B1619处理土壤后,铜山基地的番茄枯萎病发病率为1.5%(对照17.8%);溱潼基地没有发病;沭阳基地的发病率为0.1%(对照52.3%)。生防菌B1619具有开发成防治设施茄科蔬菜枯萎病生物杀菌剂的潜力。
To evaluate the field bio-control efficacy of bacteria B1619 to tomato fusarium wilt,the isolates of tomato droop wilt from 3 tomato planting bases at Tongshan,Qintong and Shuyang were isolated with selecting culture medium,the kinds of fusarium were identified,and the dynamics of tomato fusarium wilt population were detected. The result showed that 150 isolates of fusarium wilt belonged to 3 Fusarium species,the proportions of F. oxysporum,F. solani and F. verticillioides were 74. 5 %,21. 3 % and 4. 2 %,respectively. Fusarium oxysporum was predominant pathogen of tomato fusarium wilt. The population dynamics of tomato fusarium wilt in all growth periods at 3 experiment bases were essentially consistent,which indicated that their population number increased after colonization,reached maximum at full bearing age and then peaked off after tomato harvest. The population number of tomato fusarium wilt treated with bio-control bacteria B1619 was significantly lower than that without B1619,their average population numbers decreased 43 percent at full bearing age of tomato,which indicated that bio-control bacteria B1619 possessed good suppressing action on the growth and reproduction of tomato fusarium wilt. The field experiments of bio-control bacteria B1619 against tomato fusarium wilt were carried out at 3 experiment bases,which indicated that： the incidence of tomato fusarium wilt at Tongshan base treated with B1619 was 1. 5 %（ contrast untreated with B1619 was 17. 8 %）. There was not tomato fusarium wilt at Qintong base,and the incidence of tomato fusarium wilt at Shuyang base treated with B1619 was 0. 1 %（ contrast untreated with B1619 was 52. 3 %）. The field experiment results indicated clearly that B1619 possessed the potentiality to be developed into biological fungicide for controlling tomato fusarium wilt.
出处
《西南农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第6期2521-2526,共6页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
江苏省农科院科技自主创新资金目[CX(13)3061]
国家高技术研究发展计划(863)(2011AA10A201)
