摘要
目的评价洛阳市燃煤污染型地方性氟中毒综合防治项目干预效果，为制定地方病控制相关政策提供科学依据。方法分析健康教育开展效果；了解改炉改灶工程运行状况；测定玉米、辣椒氟含量。结果儿童氟斑牙患病人数1758人，氟斑牙患病率为36．36％。项目实施后，病区改炉（灶）率为100．00％，炉（灶）合格率达到86．25％，对改炉（灶）满意率为86．25％。通过健康教育，小学生燃煤型地氟病防治知识知晓率由49．27％升高到90．83％钎=42．000，P〈0.001）；家庭户主燃煤型地氟病防治知识知晓率由53％升高到87.3％（Х^2=27．524，P〈0.001）；自然晾晒辣椒行为形成率由60．53％提高到96．79％（Х^2=39．060，P〈0.001）；密闭保存粮食行为形成率由44．96％提高到90．24％（Х^2=46．154，P〈0.001）；烟囱出屋率由0％提高到88．69％（Х^2=160．360，P〈0.001）。项目实施后，病区玉米氟含量和辣椒氟含量均下降（t＇=2．1998-32．8250，P=0．001—0．05）。结论燃煤污染型地方性氟中毒综合干预项目实施效果良好，提高了居民地方病防治知识知晓率，促进了目标人群健康生活行为方式的形成，降低了居民氟暴露水平。
Objective To evaluate the intervention effect of coal-burning endemic fluorosis in Luoyang and provide the scientific basis for the control of the endemic1 disease.Methods To analyze the effect of health education, to understand the operation situation of reducing fluoride stove and test the fluoride content of samples from corn and chili.Results 1 758 children were diagnosed as dental fluorosis, the prevalence of dental fluorosis was 36.36 %.After project implementation, the rate of changing stove in endemic area was 100 % ,the rate of qualified stoves was 86.25 %, the satisfaction rate of the improved stoves was 86.25 %.Through health education the awareness rate of health knowledge of children increased from 49.27 % to 90.83 % （Х^2=42.000, P〈0.001 ） ; the awareness rate of householders increased from 53 % to 87.3 % （Х^2=27.524,P〈0.001）;the formation rate of natural drying chili behavior was increased from 60.53 % to 96.79 %（Х^2=39.060,P〈0.001 ） ;the formation rate of airtight preservation of food was increased from 44.96 % to 90.24 % （Х^2=46.154, P〈0.001 ）;the rate of chimneys out of house was increased from 0 to 88.69 % （Х^2=160.360, P〈 0.001 ）.After the project the fluorine content in corn and chili in endemic area was decreased （t＇=2.1998-32.8250, P= 0.001-0.05 ）.Conclusions The project of comprehensive intervention of coal burning endemic fluorosis works well, and it has promoted the wareness rate of residents＇ knowledge and the formation of healthy lifestyle behaviors of the target population , and decreased the residents＇ fluoride exposure level.
出处
《河南预防医学杂志》
2016年第2期81-84,共4页
Henan Journal of Preventive Medicine
关键词
煤
氟中毒
改灶
干预
效果
Coal
Fluorosis
Stove improvement
Intervention
Efficacy
