摘要
微小RNA（miRNA）是含有19--22个核苷酸序列的短链非编码RNA，调控内源性基因的转录后表达。随着miRNA在生殖领域不断被发现，miRNA作为女性生殖系统的重要调控因子越来越受到关注。miRNA通过调节靶基因的转录后水平，调控卵巢颗粒细胞的增殖、分化和凋亡并参与控制类固醇激素的分泌。卵巢功能异常，如多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）和卵巢早衰（POF）均会发生miRNA调控异常。除此之外，miRNA还通过调节目标基因的表达决定胚胎的整倍体性及胚胎发育的命运。miRNA对于维持子宫内膜容受性非常重要，miRNA的异常表达会导致子宫内膜种植窗的偏移，从而导致胚胎种植失败。对miRNA在生殖调节中作用的了解，有助于发现新的预测体外受精成功率的生物指标和靶向治疗的位点，进一步提高辅助生殖的有效性和安全性。
MicroRNAs （miRNA）, also called miRNAs are small 19-22 nucleotide （nt） sequences of noncoding RNA that work as endogenous post-transcriptional gene expression regulators. As more and more miRNA family members have been explored in the human reproductive system, the study of the regulatory role of these small RNA molecules has begun to be popular in the reproductive research. MiRNAs are expressed in all tissues and the post-transcriptional gene regulation by miRNAs plays a key role during the ovarian cellular proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and in control of ovarian steroidogenesis. Ovarian dysfunction such as polycystic ovary syndrome （PCOS） and premature ovarian failure （POF） are related to the aberrant regulation of miRNA. Besides, the disorder of miRNA targets could affect the ploidy and development of embryos. Moreover, the endometrial receptivity is influenced by the expression of candidate genes which are regulated by miRNAs. Therefore, identification of miRNAs in each female reproduction will enable us to investigate the predictive biomarkers and target therapy, in order to improve the validity and security of assisted reproductive technology.
出处
《生殖与避孕》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第1期49-54,共6页
Reproduction and Contraception
