摘要
以西葫芦品种"碧绿"为供试作物,以单施化肥和鸡粪配施化肥的农民传统施肥为对照,研究了生态有机肥不同用量及其与化肥配施对日光温室西葫芦产量品质及经济效益的影响。结果表明:在栽培年限6年的高龄温室中,与鸡粪配施化肥的传统施肥方式相比,单施生态有机肥可获得与其相近的较高的产量,生态有机肥用量37.5t/hm^2时,产量提高5.4%;大量施用生态有机肥并配施化肥,产量降低。不同的品质指标对施肥方式的反应存在差异。生态有机肥用量56.3t/hm^2与化肥配施,果实的维生素C含量最高;传统施肥方式增加了果实的可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质含量;单施化学肥料果实的NO_3^-含量最高,生态有机肥单施或与化肥配施均可有效降低NO_3^-含量。从施肥方式对果实品质的综合影响分析,生态有机肥用量56.3t/hm^2并配施化肥,可获得较高的果实品质。除单施生态有机肥18.8、37.5t/hm^2分别可产生0.66万、0.15万元/hm^2的纯收益增量外,其它生态有机肥处理均不同程度的降低了生产的纯收益,这与生态有机肥生产过程中附加了二次加工的成本有关。
Taking pumpkin（Cucurbita pepo L.）as test crop,and single application of chemical fertilizers and traditional fertilization of which chicken manure applied with chemical fertilizers as controls,effect of eco-organic fertilizer application or coordinated with chemical fertilizers on yield,quality and economic return of pumpkin in greenhouse were studied.The results showed that compared with traditional fertilization,chicken manure applied with chemical fertilizers,single application of eco-organic fertilizers were available to obtain an appropriate higher yields in a six-cultivated-year greenhouse.With eco-organic fertilizer applied at 37.5t/hm2,the production increased by 5.4%.Excessive using of eco-organic fertilizer coordinated with chemical fertilizers produced lower yields.There were differences in quality indexes reacted to fertilization.Eco-organic fertilizer applied at 56.3t/hm2 and coordinated with chemical fertilizers could get the highest vitamin C content of fruit.Traditional fertilization improved the fruit soluble sugar and soluble protein.Single application of chemical fertilizers increased fruit NO_3-content.Eco-organic fertilizer applied alone or applied with chemical fertilizers could reduce NO_3-of fruit significantly.Comprehensive evaluation of fruit quality response to fertilization,eco-organic fertilizer application rate at 56.3t/hm2 and coordinated with chemical fertilizers could obtain higher quality fruit.Either single applied or coordinated with chemical fertilizers,eco-organic fertilizer could reduce economic return,except single application at the rates of 18.8t/hm2 and 37.5t/hm2,which produced 0.66×104,0.15×104 RMB/hm2 profit,respectively.It associated with the additional costs from secondary processing.
出处
《北方园艺》
CAS
北大核心
2016年第1期147-152,共6页
Northern Horticulture
基金
山东省自然基金资助项目(ZR2011CM007)
关键词
生态有机肥
日光温室
西葫芦
产量品质
经济效益
eco-organic fertilizer
solar greenhouse
pumpkin
yield and quality
economic return
