摘要
目的获取杭州市区居民对健康体检的认知、了解、需求和意向，探讨健康体检的影响因素。方法采用整群随机抽样的方法，选取城市居民1183人，其中男性542人，女性641人，性别比为1：1．183；年龄为15～80岁。从人口学特征、健康状况、体检行为与认知、不愿体检的主要原因、选择机构意向等开展问卷调查，采取单因素卡方检验及logistic回归分析。结果单因素分析居民健康体检参与率，有统计学意义的差异因素分别为：性别（χ^2=11．61，P=0．000），年龄（χ^2=0．09，P=0．028），户籍（χ^2=44．16，P=0．000），婚姻状况（χ^2=8．96，P=0．03），教育程度（χ^2=17．33，P=0．000）就业状况（χ^2=7．97，P=0．005），个人月收入（χ^2=22．82，P=0．000），参加各类医疗保险（χ^2=16．08，P=0．000），单位组织并承担费用（χ^2=44．78，P=0．000）。logistic回归显示：影响居民健康体检参与率的相关因素为性别（P=0．003，OR=1．782）、户籍（P=0．000，OR=2．208）、个人月收入（P=0．009，OR=1．307）、参加各类医疗保险（P=0．004，OR=2．913）和单位组织体检并承担费用（P=0．000，OR=1．923）。结论男性、45岁以下、离婚、非本地户籍的常住人口、非在业、学历低、收入低、未参加医保和自费等因素影响城市居民健康体检参与率。
Objective To obtain Hangzhou residents＇ awareness, understanding, demands, and intentions of health examination and explore the factors influencing health examination. Methods Totally 1 183 residents （male： 542, female： 641, aged from15 to 80 years） were investigated by mean of questionnaire which included demographic characteristics, health status, medical behavior and awareness, the subjective reasons of unwilling to take health examination, the intention of choosing an institution, and the data of questionnaire were analyzed using single factor Chi-square test and conditional logistic regression analysis. Results Single factor Chi-square test showed that the factors affecting health examination participation which have statistical significances were as follows, gender （χ^2=11.61, P=0.000）, age （χ^2=9.09, P=0.028）, residence registration （χ^2=44.16, P=0.000）, marital status （χ^2=8.96, P=0.03）, educational baekgroud （χ^2=17.33 ,P=0.000）, employment status （χ^2=7.97, P=0.005）, personal monthly income （χ^2=22.82, P=0.000）, having any kinds of health insurance （χ^2=16.08, P=0.000）, and the health examination fees paid by company （χ^2=44.78, P=0.000）. Conditional logistic regress analysis showed that the related fators which affecting the peoples participating rates of taking health examination are gender （P=0.003, OR=1.782）, residence registration （P=0.000, OR=2.208）, personal monthly income （P=0.009, OR=1.307）, taking any kinds of insurance （P=0.004, OR=2.913） and the company organizing and paying for the healthy examination or not （P=0.000, OR=1.923）. Conclusion The participation rates of taking health examination were affected by the factors such as male, younger than 45 years old, divorce, temporary residents, the jobless, low educational diploma and income, not having any insurance, taking the health examinaiton at their own expense and so on.
出处
《中华健康管理学杂志》
CAS
2015年第6期436-440,共5页
Chinese Journal of Health Management
基金
杭州市科技计划引导项目（2014-2-6）
关键词
体格检查
影响因素
健康管理
Physical examination
Influencing factors
Health management
