摘要
目的了解湖北省宜昌市急性脑炎/脑膜炎的流行病学和病原学特征,分析病原谱构成。方法在湖北省宜昌地区开展急性脑炎/脑膜炎病例哨点监测,对纳入的监测病例开展流行病学调查,对血清和脑脊液标本开展实验室检测。结果总共监测病例299例,监测病例以大于45岁年龄组患者居多,夏季为高发季节。实验室检测确诊的病毒性病原构成比居前两位的为腮腺炎病毒(55.17%)和肠道病毒(32.76%);细菌性病原构成以流感嗜血杆菌检出率最高(42.86%),其次为肺炎链球菌(35.71%)。急性脑炎/脑膜炎实验室确诊病例与临床诊断病例符合率较低,临床上存在很大程度的误诊。结论急性脑炎/脑膜炎防控应集中在夏季,高年龄组是脑炎/脑膜炎的高危人群,开展脑炎/脑膜炎的早期病原学检测,可明确诊断、提高治愈率、减少并发症。
Objective To understand the epidemiological and pathogenic characteristics of acute meningitis and encephalitis syndrome,and to analyze the pathogenic spectrum composition to provide the reference evidence for the prevention and control of the diseases. Methods The sentinel surveillance on acute meningitis and encephalitis syndrome was conducted. The epidemiological survey was performed on the included cases and the samples of serum and cerebral spinal fluid （CSF） were performed the laboratory detections. Results 299 eases of suspected cases were monitored. The majority of surveillance cases were the patients aged over 45 years old. Summer was the high onset season of these diseases. In the constituent ratio of the viral pathogens confirmed by the laboratory detection, the top 2 places were mumps virus（55.17 %） and enterovirus（32.76 %）;in the constituent ratio of bacterial pathogens, Haemophilus influenzae had the highest detection rake （42. 86% ）, followed by Strepyoeoecus pneumoniae（35.71 % ）. The coincidence rate of the cases of acute meningitis and encephalitis syndrome confirmed by laboratory detection to clinical diagnosis was lower,indicating that a great extent of misdiagnosis existed in clinic. Conclusion Control and prevention of acute meningitis and encephalitis syndrome should be concentrated in summer. The advanced age group is the high risk population of these diseases. Conducting earlY pathogenic detection of acute meningitis and encephalitis syndrome can clarify the diagnosis, increases the cure rate and reduces the complications.
出处
《检验医学与临床》
CAS
2016年第1期27-28,共2页
Laboratory Medicine and Clinic
基金
卫生部/世界卫生组织流行性脑脊髓膜炎与流行性乙型脑炎等疾病监测合作项目(WP/2006/CHN/IVD/1.1/001)
关键词
脑炎
脑膜炎
疾病监测
meningitis
encephalitis syndrome
disease surveillance
