摘要
中国南方红壤丘陵盆地小城镇近年来发展迅速。研究以江西省万年县为例,在Arc GIS及ENVI的支持下,利用1955-2015年历史图件、长序列Landsat TM/ETM+与Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS遥感影像数据资料,进行万年县50 a城区小城镇空间扩展过程及其发展历程研究,通时空转换分析研究万年县的耕地衰减与城镇用地扩张及其时空动态演变。结果表明:万年县过去50 a城镇扩展显著,城镇建设用地面积从1955年的68.04hm^2迅速增加到2015年的2 985.21 hm^2,总体扩展了43.87倍。万年县1955-2015年城镇发展历程可划分为4个阶段:早期乡村聚落阶段、农村城镇化缓慢发展阶段、城镇快速发展阶段和城镇高速稳定发展阶段。因红壤丘陵盆地的地理空间约束,平原区城镇扩展面积占平原区总面积的比例由1955年的1.01%迅速增加到2015年的33.52%,而平原区耕地面积50 a期间由85.87%降低到42.97%,表明城镇和工矿用地过快扩张导致万年盆地平原内耕地面积锐减,人地矛盾日益突出,土地利用经济效益亟待提高。
Small urban and towns in the South China Red Soil Hilly Basin has developed rapidly in the past decades. Based on Landsat TM,ETM ＋,OLI data and historical aerial image,we mapped the urban lands of Wannian County in 1955,1989,2000,2010 and 2015 using Arc GIS and ENVI.We investigated the dynamic pattern and spatial evolution of urban expansion in Wannian County for the past five decades,using the urban expansion rate index and land conversion analysis. The results show that the built-up area has increased from 68. 04 hm^2 to 2 985. 21 hm^2 between 1955 and 2015,and the total urban area has extended 43. 87 times over past 50 years. We found that tempo-spatial patterns of urban expansion in Wannian County presented different characteristics from 1955 to2015,and suggest that Wannian County went through 4 distinct stages： the early stage of rural settle-ment（ 1955- 1989）,the formation of towns and the stagnation stage of development（ 1989-2000）,the rapid development of towns（ 2000- 2010）,and the rapid aggregated highly-primate development of towns and cities（ 2010- 2015）. Because of geographical space constraints of the hilly basin,in the plain area the urban expanded rapidly with the proportion of urban area increased from1. 01% in 1955 to 33. 52% in 2015,but cultivated land decreased from 85. 87% to 42. 97% during past 50 years. Overall,Wannian County has experienced a fast expansion with towns,industrial and mining land sprawl in the plain area of the Wannian Basin. With the rapid economic development and urbanization,the paradox between urban expansion and cultivated land will be more serious.More measures should be taken to slow down the urban growth rate and cultivated land loss,and the economic benefits of land use need improving.
出处
《江西科学》
2015年第6期829-835,共7页
Jiangxi Science
基金
江西省自然科学基金资助项目(20132BAB213024)
全国科学院联盟建设专项(2012-5)
江西省科学院普惠制项目(2013-XTPH1-28)
江西省科学院博士基金(2010-YYB-05)资助
关键词
城镇扩展
土地利用转换
丘陵盆地
遥感
万年县
urban expansion
land conversation
hilly basin area
remote sensing
Wannian County
