摘要
拔牙作为一种古老的风俗,曾广泛分布于世界各大洲及一些海岛国家[1]。拔牙是人工改变牙齿形态的一种常见手法,科马斯(J.Comas)将人工改形牙齿分为拔、穿孔、切、磨锉、镶嵌等五种。目前,国内发现的人工改形牙齿案例多为生前拔牙,未见其他四种形式。而史料中关于拔牙的记载较为简略,多以'凿齿''打牙'和'折齿'出现。如《山海经·海外南经》:'羿与凿齿战于寿华之野,羿射杀之。'《新唐书·南蛮下》:'南平獠,……又有乌武獠,地多瘴毒,中者不能饮药,故自凿齿。'《行边纪闻》
Tooth extraction, as an ancient custom, was once widespread throughout all continents and some island countries. Ancient human pulled out their own teeth because of some kind of consciousness, besides, it had a certain regularity on the position of tooth extraction. This paper conduct statistical analysis to examine the phenomenon of tooth extraction of unearthed human bones at Nanwa site, and found that their tooth extraction concentrated on central incisors(I1) and lateral incisor(I2) of lower jaw;compared with the type of teeth extraction of ancient resident in other site, tooth extraction trait of ancient residents in Nanwa site was different from the trait of residents in Southwest Shandong, eastern Shandong, Northern Suzhou, and Southwest area, where people were accustomed with extract their central incisor and lateral incisor of lower jaw;at last, from the aspect of physical anthropology, the author discussed the operation method and evaluation standard of ancient tooth extraction.
作者
周亚威
刘明明
ZHOU Ya-wei;LIU Ming-ming
出处
《边疆考古研究》
CSSCI
2017年第2期367-376,共10页
Research of China＇s Frontier Archaeology
基金
国家哲学社会科学基金重大项目“汉民族形成过程的生物考古学考察”(11&ZD182)
第57批中国博士后科学基金面上基金(2015M572113)
河南省博士后科研资助(2014019)
国家哲学社会科学青年项目“南洼遗址二里头文化人骨研究”(17CKG021)资助
