摘要
由于俄罗斯教科书审查制度的意识形态监督功能薄弱,旧版历史教科书不乏对苏联关键历史事件的诋毁性解读,成为各种势力煽动反俄情绪、鼓动地方民族分裂主义思想的工具,破坏了学生的历史记忆并引发国家认同危机。为了与各种反对势力进行"记忆大战",强化学生的国家身份认同,俄罗斯历史学会遵照普京总统的指令,设计了历史教科书编写需遵循的统一概念、方法及以爱国主义为核心的价值原则。依据该统一标准,俄罗斯以历史教科书为载体,从强调历史延续性、重视爱国主义教育、强化原苏联加盟共和国间的历史文化联系等维度回溯了苏联历史,从中寻找和汲取塑造当下和未来自我形象的养分,以达成净化学生苏联历史记忆及推进国家认同教育的目标。
Because the ideological supervision function of the Russian textbook censorship system is weak,old versions of history textbooks were glutted with disparaging interpretations of key historical events in the Soviet Union.The interpretations became tools for various forces to incite the sentiment of anti-Russian and stir up local separatist ideas,and destroyed students’ historical memory and triggered a crisis of national identity.In order to carry out 'memory wars' with various opposition forces,strengthen students’ national identity,following Putin’s instructions,the Russian Historical Society designed a unified concept,method and a value principle based on patriotism to be followed in the preparation of history textbooks.According to the uniform standard,taking historical textbooks as a carrier,Russia looked back upon history from the perspectives of stressing historical continuity,paying attention to patriotism, strengthening the historical and cultural ties between the former Soviet allied republics to seek and absorb the nutrients that shape the current and future self-image,thereby to achieve the goal of purifying students’ Soviet historical memory and promoting their national identity education.
作者
刘金花
LIU Jinhua(College of General Education,Huaqiao University,Xiamen 362021)
出处
《比较教育研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第3期17-23,共7页
International and Comparative Education
基金
2017年教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目"国家认同视域下的俄罗斯大学公民教育研究"(项目编号:17YJC710049)成果之一
关键词
俄罗斯
历史教科书
苏联
历史记忆
国家认同
Russia
history textbook
the Soviet Union
historical memory
national identity
