摘要
口腔恐惧症系指一组与口腔诊疗相关的异常心理、生理和行为状态,其临床表现为患者心跳加快、血压异常、出汗、多语、肌肉紧张、面色苍白乃至晕厥等。咪达唑仑具有抗焦虑、镇静、催眠、抗惊厥和肌肉松弛作用,服用后患者可产生短暂的顺行性记忆缺失,不能回忆起在药物高峰期间所发生的事情。咪达唑仑常见的轻微不良反应包括打嗝、恶心、呕吐、头疼、眩晕、尿床、幻觉、头晕、复视以及唾液分泌过多、行为异常和短暂的血氧饱和度下降等,严重的不良反应包括心脏骤停、心率改变、变态反应、血栓形成、喉头痉挛和支气管痉挛以及呼吸抑制和呼吸停止等。目前越来越多的口腔恐惧症人群接受咪达唑仑镇静,而施术者水平参差不齐,因此有必要对其不良后果进行追踪并建立其相关不良后果数据库,建立一个通用的咪达唑仑不良反应标准,以提高口腔镇静技术的安全性,给予临床应用其镇静时以指导。
Dental fear is an abnormal psychology, physiology, and behavior exhibited by some people during dental treatment. Clinical manifestations of dental fear include rapid heartbeat, abnormal blood pressure, sweating, use of numerous words during speech, muscle tension, pale complexion, and syncope. Midazolam exerts anti-anxiety, sedative, hypnotic, anticonvulsive, and muscle-relaxing effects. Patients under midazolam may exhibit brief anterograde amnesia and may forget what happens during the drug peak. Major side effects of midazolam include cardiac arrest, heart rate change, allergic reaction, thrombosis, laryngospasm, bronchospasm, respiratory depression, and respiratory arrest. Minor side effectsof this drug include burping, nausea, vomiting, headache, dizziness, bed-wetting, hallucinations, dizziness, diplopia, and transient oxygen desaturation. Thus, analyzingthe side effects of midazolam and establishing a database of these side effects are necessary to provide guidance during the clinical application of midazolam.
出处
《国际口腔医学杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2016年第1期66-68,共3页
International Journal of Stomatology
基金
济宁市医学计划(2013jnwk111)~~
