摘要
目的探讨小儿气管支气管异物的临床特点、诊断处理经验及预防措施。方法回顾分析小儿气管支气管异物患者2 000例的病历资料,总结小儿气管支气管异物患者的发病年龄分布、就诊情况、常见异物种类、发生部位、影像学检查、麻醉方式及手术治疗等方面的概况。结果 2 000例中,72.5%的患儿年龄1~3岁,82.5%异物种类以植物性为主,52.4%异物发生在右侧主支气管,98.7%的三维重建CT诊断符合率,明显高于胸部X线的82.0%（P〈0.01）。经过手术治疗,治愈1 985例,死亡15例。治愈中9例经局麻下取出异物,其余1 976例均在全麻下行支气管镜检术取出。结论快速诊断,准确的影像学检查,及时的手术治疗可有效降低气管异物的误诊率及死亡率。
Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics,diagnosis and treatment of tracheobronchial foreign bodies in children.Methods Clinical data of 2 000 cases of tracheobronchial foreign bodies in children were retrospec-tively analyzed,including childrens age,diagnosis,type and site of foreign bodies,imaging examination,type of anesthesia and surgical approach.Results Of all cases,72.5% occurred in children aged 1-3;82.5% foreign bodies were plant-based;52.4% foreign bodies were found in the right main bronchus;98.7% result of 3D reconstruction of CT was confirmed,which was significantly higher than that of chest X-ray （82%,P 〈0.01）.After operation,1 985 cases were cured,of which 1 976 cases received general anesthesia and 9 received local anesthesia;15 cases died. Conclusion There is high incidence of tracheobronchial foreign bodies in children.Timely diagnosis,accurate imaging examination,and timely surgical treatment can effectively reduce the misdiagnosis rate and mortality.Positive and effective health promotion is the key to prevent the occurrence of tracheal foreign bodies in children.
出处
《山东大学耳鼻喉眼学报》
CAS
2015年第6期39-42,共4页
Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University
关键词
异物
气管
支气管
儿童
Foreign bodies
Trachea
Bronchi
Child
