摘要
针对黑龙江省灌溉用水效率低下等问题,基于地统计学理论,对黑龙江省灌溉用水效率指标体系及其影响因素的空间分布特征进行研究。结果表明:从全方向上看,田间水利用效率受空间结构的影响最大,其空间正相关范围最大为145 km;灌溉水利用效率受空间结构的影响次之,空间正相关范围为124 km;渠系水利用效率受随机因素影响较大,空间正相关范围最小,为73 km。大庆、哈尔滨、绥化3地交界处,灌溉水利用效率、渠系水利用效率与田间水利用效率均出现高值,鸡西的鸡东县3个指标值均出现低值。自然因素对灌溉用水效率的影响小于人为因素,其中降水量与灌溉水利用效率、田间水利用效率呈现负相关。
Heilongjiang Province is one of the most important commodity grain bases in China. Because the territory of Heilongjiang Province is very vast,and the natural conditions and management mode are different,the diversity of irrigation water use efficiency in different regions in Heilongjiang Province is very remarkable. In 2013,the average irrigation water use efficiency in Heilongjiang Province was only53%,which was lower than the average level in China. Therefore,in order to study the problems of low irrigation water use efficiency in Heilongjiang Province,the spatial distribution and influencing factors of irrigation water use efficiency index system were analyzed according to the geo-statistics theory by using GIS technology. The results showed that for the variation coefficients of all the variables,the intact rate of irrigation engineering was the biggest,and the evapotranspiration was the smallest. The field water use efficiency had the greatest influence; its positive spatial autocorrelation range was 145 km. And the positive spatial autocorrelation range of irrigation water use efficiency was 124 km; the water conveyance efficiency was mainly affected by random factors,its scale of positive spatial autocorrelation was 73 km.The Kriging maps showed that the three indexes had high values in Daqing,Harbin,Suihua Cities and their vicinities. The influence of natural factors was less than that of human factors on irrigation water use efficiency. There were negative correlations respectively between rainfall and irrigation water use efficiency,field water use efficiency. Improving the proportion of irrigation water saving area and the intact rate of irrigation engineering had significant driving to field water use efficiency and the water conveyance efficiency. The study results had important significance to the improvement of water saving in different regions in Heilongjiang Province.
出处
《农业机械学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第12期127-132,共6页
Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51479032
51279031)
水利部公益性行业科研专项经费资助项目(201301096)
黑龙江省高校长江学者后备支持计划资助项目
黑龙江省水利厅科技资助项目(201318
201503)
关键词
黑龙江省
灌溉用水效率
空间格局
地统计学
Heilongjiang Province
Irrigation water use efficiency
Spatial distribution
Geo-statistics