摘要
宋代士大夫关于主佃关系有着深刻的论述,但意见并不统一,而是随着时代变化在相互冲突中发生变迁。北宋前中期,士大夫因土地不均、贫富分化而对地租和利息持强烈批判态度;这种批判在王安石变法中达到了顶峰,"兼并侵牟"成为推行新法的主要理由;与此同时,在反对王安石变法的士大夫中间"贫富相资"的思想兴起,但仅为少数人意见;及至南宋以后,"主佃相资"说变得非常流行,成为一种新的意识形态。
The scholar-bureaucrats in the Sung Dynasty（960-1279）had different opinions about the relationship between landowner and tenant, which evolved with time. During the early to middle periods of the North-Sung Dynasty（960-1127）, almost all scholar-bureaucrats thought rents were unreasonably imposed by rich landowners upon their poor tenants. They saw this as a polarizing issue between the classes.Wang-Anshih＇s new policies were designed to remedy landowners＇ exploitation of their tenants. Yet there were concurrent claims by Wang-Anshih＇s opponents that landowners and tenants were mutually dependent;therefore government interference was not required. Yet this was not the main stream opinion in the late North-Sung Dynasty（1127-1279）. It wasn＇t until the South-Sung Dynasty that this opinion became the functional ideology.
出处
《中国农史》
CSSCI
北大核心
2015年第6期77-84,136,共9页
Agricultural History of China
关键词
宋代
主佃关系
侵牟与相资
意识形态
the Sung Dynasty
relationship between landowner and tenant
exploitation or cooperation
ideology
