摘要
采用Illumina MiSeq技术对CK（平畦不覆膜）、T1（平畦覆膜）、T2（全膜垄播）、T3（全膜沟播）、T4（半膜垄播）、T5（半膜沟播）6种种植模式下马铃薯连作田根际土壤真菌多样性和系统发育进行研究,探究了不同沟垄覆膜种植马铃薯3a连作根际土壤真菌群落多样性变化规律,揭示沟垄覆膜连作种植对土壤质量的影响。结果表明：6个处理的真菌多样性指数大小顺序为T2〉T3〉T1〉T4〉CK〉T5,且各处理间差异显著;连作土壤中真菌群落主要有子囊菌门（Ascomycota）、接合菌门（Zygomycota）、担子菌门（Basidiomycota）、壶菌门（Chytridiomycota）及其他未分类的真菌;子囊菌门为优势种群,其中T5处理子囊菌门的比例最高为88.7%,T2最低为67.2%;伞菌纲（Agaricomycetes）、子囊菌纲（Ascomycetes）、担子菌纲（Basidiomycetes）、壶菌纲（Chytridiomycetes）、座囊菌纲（Dothideomycetes）、散囊菌纲（Eurotiomycetes）、锤舌菌纲（Leotiomycetes）、圆盘菌纲（Orbiliomycetes）、粪壳菌纲（Sordariomycetes）和接合菌纲（Zygomycetes）等组成连作土壤真菌群落的真菌纲,粪壳菌纲为所有处理中的优势菌纲;另外,CK、T1、T2、T3、T5处理的优势菌为镰孢菌属（Fusarium）,其中T1所占比例最高为26.1%,T4为8.9%,较CK低53.6%,且半膜处理T4、T5的镰孢菌所占比例分别比全膜处理T2、T3低54.6%和28.1%,T4处理的优势菌为被孢霉属（Mortierella）;群落结构中还有盾盘菌属（Scutellinia）、丛赤壳属（Cryphonectria）、枝顶孢属（Acremonium）和链格孢属（Alternaria）等,但所占比例较低,均在1%~2%之间;全膜垄播种植的土壤真菌多样性最高,说明全膜垄播能够促进真菌的繁殖;但是半膜垄播土壤的镰刀菌含量最低且比全膜垄播低54.6%。因此,半膜垄播种植对镰孢菌引起的马铃薯病害具有一定的防治作用。
This study was conducted to explore the changing regulation of fungal community diversity of3-year potato continuous cropping soil under different ridge-furrow film mulching patterns for the purpose of revealing the influence of potato continuous cropping under ridge-furrow film mulching on soil quality.Illumina MiSeq technology was used to study the diversity and phylogeny of soil fungi under different ridgefurrow film planting patterns,which included CK（flat plot planting without mulch）,T1（flat plot planting with mulch）,T2（ridge planting with whole film mulching）,T3（furrow planting with whole film mulching）,T4（ridge planting with ridge mulching）,T5（furrow planting with ridge mulching）.The results indicated that the fungal diversities in rhizosphere soils under 6treatments followed the order of T2〉T3〉T1〉T4〉CK〉T5,presenting the significant difference among all of treatments.In continuous cropping soil,the fungal communities were mainly consisted of Ascomycota,Zygomycota,Basidiomycota,Chytridiomycota and other fungi which were not classified.Ascomycota was the dominate fungi community,and in T5 treatment there was the most Ascomycota,accounting for 88.7% of the total fungi,while in T2 there was the least Ascomycota,only accounting for 67.2%.Agaricomycetes,Ascomycetes,Basidiomycetes,Chytridiomycetes,Dothideomycetes, Eurotiomycetes, Leotiomycetes, Orbiliomycetes, Sordariomycetes and Zygomycetes consisted of fungal class,and Sordariomycetes was dominant in soil fungal communities of all the treatments.In the level of genus,Fusarium was the dominant genus for CK,T1,T2,T3 and T5,among which the highest proportion of Fusarium was in T1（26.1%）,but in T4,Fusarium only accounted for 8.9%,less53.6%than in CK.In addition,in T4 and T5,the percentages of Fusarium were lower than those in T2 and T3by 54.6%and 28.1%,respectively.In T4,the dominant fungal genus was Montierella.Besides,fungal genus also contained Scutellinia,Nectria,Acremonium and Alternaria,but their proportions were quite lo
出处
《水土保持学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第6期301-306,310,共7页
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31260311)
教育部重点项目(212185)
关键词
沟垄覆膜
马铃薯
连作
真菌多样性
群落结构
ridge-furrow film mulching
potato
continuous cropping
fungal community diversity
community structure
